Wald Dara M, Segal Elizabeth A, Johnston Erik W, Vinze Ajay
Greenlee School of Journalism and Communication, Iowa State University, 613 Wallace Road, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave, Suite 800, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Sep 1;199:201-210. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.030. Epub 2017 May 22.
Public engagement in collaborative natural resource management necessitates shared understanding and collaboration. Empathic perspective-taking is a critical facilitator of shared understanding and positive social interactions, such as collaboration. Yet there is currently little understanding about how to reliably generate empathic perspective-taking and collaboration, particularly in situations involving the unequal distribution of environmental resources or power. Here we examine how experiencing the loss or gain of social power influenced empathic perspective-taking and behavior within a computer-mediated scenario. Participants (n = 180) were randomly assigned to each condition: high resources, low resources, lose resources, gain resources. Contrary to our expectations, participants in the perspective-taking condition, specifically those who lost resources, also lost perspective taking and exhibited egoistic behavior. This finding suggests that resource control within the collaborative process is a key contextual variable that influences perspective-taking and collaborative behavior. Moreover, the observed relationship between perspective-taking and egoistic behavior within a collaborative resource sharing exercise suggests that when resource control or access is unequal, interventions to promote perspective-taking deserve careful consideration.
公众参与协作式自然资源管理需要达成共同理解并进行协作。共情换位思考是达成共同理解和积极社会互动（如协作）的关键促进因素。然而，目前对于如何可靠地产生共情换位思考和协作了解甚少，尤其是在涉及环境资源或权力分配不均的情况下。在此，我们研究了在计算机介导的情景中，体验社会权力的丧失或获得如何影响共情换位思考和行为。参与者（n = 180）被随机分配到每种条件下：高资源、低资源、失去资源、获得资源。与我们的预期相反，处于换位思考条件下的参与者，特别是那些失去资源的参与者，也失去了换位思考能力并表现出利己行为。这一发现表明，协作过程中的资源控制是影响换位思考和协作行为的关键背景变量。此外，在协作资源共享练习中观察到的换位思考与利己行为之间的关系表明，当资源控制或获取不平等时，促进换位思考的干预措施值得仔细考虑。
