Management of Aspergillus pleural empyema with combined systemic and intrapleural antifungal therapy in a pediatric patient: Case report.

We present the case of an 8-year-old immunocompromised boy with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, complicated with pleural empyema and disseminated to the bone and central nervous system (CNS). The patient was treated with combined systemic antifungal agents (voriconazole and caspofungin) and intrapleural instillation of liposomal amphotericin B, in addition to surgical intervention. The treatment was well tolerated and resulted in remarkable clinical and radiological pulmonary improvement.