Kim Jin Young, Kang Hye Lim, Kim Dae-Keun, Kang Seung Wan, Park Yoo Kyoung
a Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science , Kyung Hee University , Republic of Korea.
b College of Nursing, Seoul National University , Republic of Korea.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2017 Jul;36(5):335-341. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1281774. Epub 2017 May 26.
Recent study suggests that psychological issues and eating habits are closely related. In this study, we aimed to find the association between eating habits and intakes of artificial sweeteners with emotional states of schoolchildren using quantitatively analyzing objective biosignals.
The study was conducted at the National Standard Reference Data Center for Korean EEG as a cross-sectional study. Three hundred eighteen healthy children who have not been diagnosed with neurologic or psychiatric disorders were evaluated (168 girls and 150 boys; mean age of 11.8 ± 3.6 years). Analysis indicators were a dietary intake checklist for children's nutrition-related behavior score (NBS), consisting of 19 items; food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), consisting of 76 items; the Child Depression Inventory (CDI); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T); electroencephalograph (EEG); and heart rate variability (HRV).
Higher scores on the CDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T indicate negative emotions, and these scores were significantly decreased from the first to the fourth quartiles. The HRV results showed that the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal (SDNN) intervals was significantly higher in the first quartile than in the fourth quartile (p < 0.05). The intakes of artificial sweeteners and processed foods such as hamburgers correlate with higher theta/beta ratios, and intakes of natural foods such as legumes and fruits correlate with lower theta/beta ratios (p < 0.05).
From this result we confirmed a link between overall nutritional behavior, food additive intakes, and emotion in apparently healthy children and adolescents.
近期研究表明心理问题与饮食习惯密切相关。在本研究中，我们旨在通过定量分析客观生物信号，找出学龄儿童的饮食习惯、人工甜味剂摄入量与情绪状态之间的关联。
本研究在韩国脑电图国家标准参考数据中心进行，为横断面研究。对318名未被诊断出患有神经或精神疾病的健康儿童进行了评估（168名女孩和150名男孩；平均年龄11.8±3.6岁）。分析指标包括一份用于评估儿童营养相关行为得分（NBS）的饮食摄入清单，共19项；食物频率问卷（FFQ），共76项；儿童抑郁量表（CDI）；状态-特质焦虑量表-状态（STAI-S）；状态-特质焦虑量表-特质（STAI-T）；脑电图（EEG）；以及心率变异性（HRV）。
CDI、STAI-S和STAI-T得分越高表明负面情绪越严重，且这些得分从第一四分位数到第四四分位数显著降低。HRV结果显示，所有正常到正常（SDNN）间期的标准差在第一四分位数中显著高于第四四分位数（p<0.05）。人工甜味剂和汉堡等加工食品的摄入量与较高的θ/β比值相关，而豆类和水果等天然食品的摄入量与较低的θ/β比值相关（p<0.05）。
从该结果中我们证实了在看似健康的儿童和青少年中，整体营养行为、食品添加剂摄入量与情绪之间存在联系。
