Sullman M J M, Paxion J, Stephens A N
Driving Research Group, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation Control, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Valenciennes University, Valenciennes, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Sep;106:23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2017.05.016. Epub 2017 May 25.
The present study investigated the validity of the 25-item Driving Anger Expression Inventory (DAX) as well as the role of sex and gender-roles in relation to the expression of driving anger in a sample of 378 French drivers (males=38%, M=32.9years old). Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported the four-factor structure of the 25-item DAX (Adaptive/Constructive Expression; Use of the Vehicle to Express Anger; Verbal Aggressive Expression and Personal Physical Aggressive Expression) and two of the three aggressive factors were found to have significant positive relationships with driving anger, while adaptive/constructive expression was negatively related to driving anger. Use of the vehicle to express anger was not significantly related to crash involvement, but was significantly related to all other crash-related conditions (traffic tickets, loss of concentration, loss of control of the vehicle, near crash). The presence of feminine traits, but not sex, was predictive of adaptive/constructive behaviours, while masculine traits predicted more frequent verbal aggressive expression, use of the vehicle to express anger, personal physical aggressive expression and total aggressive expression. This finding may account for the inconsistent relationship found between driving anger and sex in previous research. This research also found that the 25-item DAX is a valid tool to measure the expression of driving anger and that the endorsement of masculine traits are related to more aggressive forms of driving anger expression.
本研究调查了25项驾驶愤怒表达量表（DAX）的有效性，以及性别和性别角色在378名法国驾驶员样本（男性占38%，平均年龄32.9岁）的驾驶愤怒表达中的作用。验证性因素分析支持了25项DAX的四因素结构（适应性/建设性表达；利用车辆表达愤怒；言语攻击性表达和身体攻击性表达），并且发现三个攻击性因素中的两个与驾驶愤怒存在显著正相关，而适应性/建设性表达与驾驶愤怒呈负相关。利用车辆表达愤怒与撞车事故并无显著关联，但与所有其他与撞车相关的情况（交通罚单、注意力不集中、车辆失控、险些撞车）显著相关。女性特质而非性别能够预测适应性/建设性行为，而男性特质则预示着更频繁的言语攻击性表达、利用车辆表达愤怒、身体攻击性表达以及总的攻击性表达。这一发现或许可以解释先前研究中驾驶愤怒与性别之间不一致的关系。本研究还发现，25项DAX是测量驾驶愤怒表达的有效工具，并且男性特质的认同与更具攻击性的驾驶愤怒表达形式相关。
