Department of Human Development, Cornell University, United States.
Department of Human Development, Cornell University, United States.
Appetite. 2017 Sep 1;116:456-463. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.039. Epub 2017 May 25.
Much recent research has explored vegetarians' dietary motivations, recurrently highlighting the significant influence they exert on how people view themselves and others. For vegetarians and other plant-based dieters, dietary motivations have been theorized to be a central aspect of identity. Yet not all plant-based dieters are motivated to follow their diets; rather, some face aversions and constraints. In this paper, we propose that motivations, aversions, and constraints constitute three distinct reasons for consuming a plant-based diet. After conceptually distinguishing motivations from aversions and constraints, we critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of two conceptual frameworks that exist for studying these motivations systematically: the ethical-health framework and the Unified Model of Vegetarian Identity (UMVI) motivational orientations framework. Importantly, these frameworks serve different purposes, and their suitability often depends on the research question at hand. Particularly given an increasing prevalence of plant-based dieting, cultivating a more holistic understanding of these two frameworks is necessary for advancing this discipline. Directions for future research are discussed.
最近有很多研究探讨了素食者的饮食动机，反复强调了它们对人们如何看待自己和他人的巨大影响。对于素食者和其他植物性饮食者来说，饮食动机被认为是身份的一个核心方面。然而，并非所有的植物性饮食者都有动力遵循他们的饮食；相反，有些人会有抵触和限制。在本文中，我们提出，动机、抵触和限制构成了食用植物性饮食的三个不同原因。在从抵触和限制概念上区分动机之后，我们批判性地评估了两个现有的系统研究这些动机的概念框架的优缺点：伦理-健康框架和素食者身份统一模型（UMVI）动机取向框架。重要的是，这些框架有不同的用途，它们的适用性通常取决于手头的研究问题。特别是考虑到植物性饮食的日益普及，培养对这两个框架的更全面理解对于推进这一学科是必要的。讨论了未来的研究方向。
