Barthels Friederike, Meyer Frank, Pietrowsky Reinhard
Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Eat Weight Disord. 2018 Apr;23(2):159-166. doi: 10.1007/s40519-018-0479-0. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
Orthorexic eating behaviour, restrained eating, and veganism/vegetarianism are food selection strategies sharing several characteristics. Since there are no studies investigating their interrelationships, aim of the present study was to analyse orthorexic and restrained eating behaviour in (1) a sample of vegans and vegetarians and (2) a sample of individuals on a diet to lose weight.
Division of samples according to pre-defined criteria in (1) vegans (n = 114), vegetarians (n = 63), individuals with rare meat consumption (n = 83) and individuals with frequent meat consumption (n = 91) and in (2) participants on a diet with dietary change (n = 104), without dietary change (n = 37) and a control group of individuals not on a diet (n = 258). Orthorexic eating behaviour was assessed with the Düsseldorfer Orthorexie Skala and restrained eating was assessed with the Restraint Eating Scale.
Vegans and vegetarians do not differ in orthorexic eating behaviour, but both groups score higher in orthorexic eating behaviour than individuals consuming red meat. There are no differences regarding restrained eating. Individuals on a diet with dietary change score higher in both orthorexic and restrained eating, than individuals without dietary change and individuals not on a diet.
Individuals who restrict their eating behaviour, either predominantly due to ethical reasons or with the intention to lose weight, display more orthorexic eating behaviour than individuals not limiting their food consumption. Further research is needed to investigate whether veganism, vegetarianism, or frequent dieting behaviour serve as risk factors for orthorexia.
Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
正食癖饮食行为、节制饮食以及纯素食主义/素食主义是具有若干共同特征的食物选择策略。由于尚无研究调查它们之间的相互关系，本研究的目的是分析（1）纯素食者和素食者样本以及（2）节食减肥者样本中的正食癖和节制饮食行为。
根据预先定义的标准将样本分为（1）纯素食者（n = 114）、素食者（n = 63）、少食肉类者（n = 83）和经常食用肉类者（n = 91），以及（2）饮食有变化的节食参与者（n = 104）、饮食无变化的参与者（n = 37）和非节食个体对照组（n = 258）。使用杜塞尔多夫正食癖量表评估正食癖饮食行为，使用节制饮食量表评估节制饮食行为。
纯素食者和素食者在正食癖饮食行为方面没有差异，但两组在正食癖饮食行为方面的得分均高于食用红肉的个体。在节制饮食方面没有差异。饮食有变化的节食者在正食癖和节制饮食方面的得分均高于饮食无变化的参与者和非节食个体。
主要出于伦理原因或为了减肥而限制饮食行为的个体，比不限制食物摄入的个体表现出更多的正食癖饮食行为。需要进一步研究以调查纯素食主义、素食主义或频繁节食行为是否是正食癖的危险因素。
V级，横断面描述性研究。
