Yamashita Shinji, Hashimoto Michio, Haque Abdul Md, Nakagawa Kiyotaka, Kinoshita Mikio, Shido Osamu, Miyazawa Teruo
Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan.
Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-0845, Japan.
Lipids. 2017 Jul;52(7):575-585. doi: 10.1007/s11745-017-4260-3. Epub 2017 May 27.
Ethanolamine plasmalogen (PlsEtn), a major phospholipid in neuronal membranes [60-90 mol% of ethanolamine glycerophospholipid (EtnGpl)], is specifically decreased in brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study investigated how PlsEtn administration affects cognitive deficits and lipid composition in an animal model of AD. AD model rats were infused with amyloid-β (Aβ) into the cerebral ventricle and divided into three groups. Control, Egg, and Ascidian groups were then orally administered vehicle, egg yolk EtnGpl (260 μmol as EtnGpl/kg BW/day; 10 μmol as PlsEtn/kg BW/day), or ascidian viscera EtnGpl (260 μmol as EtnGpl/kg BW/day; 209 μmol as PlsEtn/kg BW/day), respectively. After 4 weeks of dosing, Aβ-infused rats were tested for learning ability in an 8-arm radial maze. The administration of ascidian viscera EtnGpl improved both reference and working memory-related learning abilities. In lipid analysis, the Ascidian group showed higher levels of PlsEtn species in the plasma, erythrocytes, and liver when compared to other groups. In addition, although there were no differences at levels of total plasmalogen including choline plasmalogen, the Ascidian group had significantly higher levels of 18:0ol/22:6-PlsEtn in the cerebral cortex. These levels of 18:0ol/22:6-PlsEtn in the cerebral cortex were correlated with working memory-related learning ability. Moreover, 18:0ol/22:6-PlsEtn levels in the cerebral cortex showed positive correlations with those in the erythrocytes and liver. In summary, dietary PlsEtn, especially that with 22:6n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA), may ameliorate learning deficiencies in AD by altering lipid composition in the brain.
乙醇胺缩醛磷脂（PlsEtn）是神经细胞膜中的一种主要磷脂[占乙醇胺甘油磷脂（EtnGpl）的60 - 90摩尔%]，在阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的大脑中含量特别降低。本研究调查了给予PlsEtn对AD动物模型认知缺陷和脂质组成的影响。将淀粉样β蛋白（Aβ）注入AD模型大鼠的脑室，并将其分为三组。然后分别对对照组、鸡蛋组和海鞘组口服给予赋形剂、蛋黄EtnGpl（以EtnGpl计260μmol/kg体重/天；以PlsEtn计10μmol/kg体重/天）或海鞘内脏EtnGpl（以EtnGpl计260μmol/kg体重/天；以PlsEtn计209μmol/kg体重/天）。给药4周后，对注入Aβ的大鼠进行8臂放射状迷宫学习能力测试。给予海鞘内脏EtnGpl改善了与参考记忆和工作记忆相关的学习能力。在脂质分析中，与其他组相比，海鞘组血浆、红细胞和肝脏中的PlsEtn种类水平更高。此外，虽然包括胆碱缩醛磷脂在内的总缩醛磷脂水平没有差异，但海鞘组大脑皮层中18:0ol/22:6 - PlsEtn的水平显著更高。大脑皮层中这些18:0ol/22:6 - PlsEtn的水平与工作记忆相关的学习能力相关。此外，大脑皮层中18:0ol/22:6 - PlsEtn的水平与红细胞和肝脏中的水平呈正相关。总之，饮食中的PlsEtn，尤其是含有22:6n - 3（二十二碳六烯酸，DHA）的PlsEtn，可能通过改变大脑中的脂质组成来改善AD患者的学习缺陷。
