Berild Astrid, Holven Kirsten B, Ulven Stine M
Avdeling for ernæringsvitenskap Institutt for medisinske basalfag Universitetet i Oslo.
Avdeling for ernæringsvitenskap Institutt for medisinske basalfag Universitetet i Oslo og Nasjonal kompetansetjeneste for familiær hyperkolesterolemi Avdeling for endokrinologi, sykelige overvekt og preventiv medisin Oslo universitetssykehus, Rikshospitalet.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2017 May 23;137(10):721-726. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0243. eCollection 2017 May.
Cardiovascular diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Norway. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of literature that describes the effect of a Nordic diet in line with the authorities’ dietary advice on risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Electronic literature searches were undertaken in the PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases. Randomised, controlled studies that described the Nordic diet and cardiovascular disease were included. A total of 15 articles were included. These are based on four dietary intervention studies conducted in the Nordic countries.
All of the dietary intervention studies indicated effects on blood lipids. In one of the studies, a Nordic diet caused a 21 % reduction in LDL cholesterol levels. Three of the studies showed that a Nordic diet reduces blood pressure. Results from two of the studies showed that it also improved glucose and insulin sensitivity, but after adjustment for weight loss, this effect disappeared. Three of the studies showed that a Nordic diet may positively affect inflammation.
A diet based on the authorities’ dietary recommendation and consisting of Nordic ingredients improves the risk profile in those who are predisposed to developing cardiovascular disease.
心血管疾病是挪威发病和死亡的主要原因之一。本文的目的是概述一些文献，这些文献描述了符合官方饮食建议的北欧饮食对心血管疾病风险因素的影响。
在PubMed、Cochrane和Embase数据库中进行了电子文献检索。纳入了描述北欧饮食与心血管疾病的随机对照研究。共纳入15篇文章。这些文章基于在北欧国家进行的四项饮食干预研究。
所有饮食干预研究均表明对血脂有影响。其中一项研究显示，北欧饮食使低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低了21%。三项研究表明，北欧饮食可降低血压。两项研究的结果显示，它还改善了血糖和胰岛素敏感性，但在对体重减轻进行调整后，这种效果消失了。三项研究表明，北欧饮食可能对炎症有积极影响。
基于官方饮食建议且包含北欧食材的饮食可改善易患心血管疾病者的风险状况。
