Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Partner State Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2017 Nov 30;124(2):743-752. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.05.046. Epub 2017 May 25.
Our previous study in 2011 reported the detection of BPA and PFAAs in 20 species of marine and freshwater fishes. With an emerging evidence to suggest the metabolic-disrupting effects of BPA/PFAAs in animals, the present study was aimed to provide a time-trend analysis to determine the current concentrations of PFAAs and BPA in 20 commercially available Hong Kong species of fishes. Since the manufacture and use of BPA is being prohibited in most nations, the introduction of BPA alternatives has recently been incorporated in the markets. Therefore, the concentrations of BPB, BPF and BPS were determined. In the present study, all freshwater and seawater fish samples showed quantified concentrations [>Limit of Quantification (LOQ<0.5ng/g)] of BPA. BPF was detected in some marine (yellow seafin, bigeye, goldspotted rabbitfish, snubnose pompano, tongue sole, Bleeker's grouper and orange-spotted grouper) and freshwater fishes (mud carp, crucian carp, tilapia, catfish, mandarin fish, grass carp, grey mullet and spotted snakehead). Two of the compounds, BPS and BPB could only be identified in the marine fishes (snubnose pompano, yellow seafin). In PFAA analysis, PFOA, PFDA, PFOS, PFUdA and PFDoA were found in most of the marine and freshwater fishes. PFOS and PFOA were shown to be the two predominant PFAAs in fishes. On the basis of the measured concentrations of bisphenols, BPs (BPA, BPB, BPF, BPS) and PFAAs, the average daily intake for BPs (20.5-31.5ng/kgb.w./day) and PFAAs (1.17-1.83ng/kgb.w./day) were calculated and found to be lower than values of tolerable daily intake (TDI) established in Europe. However, as compared with our previous study in 2011, the present study revealed an approximate 10-fold increase in the concentrations of BPA in the fish samples. Although the hazard ratio of consuming fishes for BPA and PFAA exposure is expected to remain low, possible additive metabolic-disrupting effect of BPA and its analogues as well PFAAs should be taken into consideration for human health risk assessment.
我们之前在 2011 年的研究报告中检测到 20 种海洋和淡水鱼类中有 BPA 和 PFAAs。由于越来越多的证据表明 BPA/PFAAs 在动物体内具有代谢干扰作用，本研究旨在提供时间趋势分析，以确定 20 种香港市售鱼类中 PFAAs 和 BPA 的当前浓度。由于 BPA 的制造和使用在大多数国家已被禁止，最近市场上已引入 BPA 的替代品。因此，我们测定了 BPB、BPF 和 BPS 的浓度。在本研究中，所有淡水和海水鱼类样本均显示出定量浓度[>定量限 (LOQ)<0.5ng/g]的 BPA。一些海洋鱼类（黄鳍鲷、大眼鲷、金斑笛鲷、短吻鼻鲈、舌鳎、斑石鲷和橙斑石斑鱼）和淡水鱼类（草鱼、鲫鱼、罗非鱼、鲶鱼、鳜鱼、草鱼、鲻鱼和斑点叉尾鮰）中检测到 BPF。两种化合物 BPS 和 BPB 只能在海洋鱼类（短吻鼻鲈、黄鳍鲷）中鉴定到。在 PFAA 分析中，大多数海洋和淡水鱼类中都发现了 PFOA、PFDA、PFOS、PFUdA 和 PFDoA。PFOS 和 PFOA 是鱼类中两种主要的 PFAAs。根据双酚、BPs（BPA、BPB、BPF、BPS）和 PFAAs 的测量浓度，计算出 BPs（20.5-31.5ng/kgbw/天）和 PFAAs（1.17-1.83ng/kgbw/天）的日平均摄入量，发现低于欧洲设定的可耐受日摄入量 (TDI)。然而，与我们 2011 年的先前研究相比，本研究显示鱼类样本中 BPA 的浓度增加了约 10 倍。尽管食用鱼类导致 BPA 和 PFAA 暴露的危害比预计仍较低，但应考虑 BPA 及其类似物以及 PFAAs 的可能相加代谢干扰作用，以进行人类健康风险评估。
