Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Research Hospital, via A. Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2017 Aug;53(1):126-139. doi: 10.1007/s12016-017-8615-6.
The number of peer-reviewed articles published during the 2016 solar year and retrieved using the "autoimmunity" key word remained stable while gaining a minimal edge among the immunology articles. Nonetheless, the quality of the publications has been rising significantly and, importantly, acquisitions have become available through scientific journals dedicated to immunology or autoimmunity. Major discoveries have been made in the fields of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmunity of the central nervous system, vasculitis, and seronegative spondyloarthrithritides. Selected examples include the role of IL17-related genes and long noncoding RNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus or the effects of anti-pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in the treatment of this paradigmatic autoimmune condition. In the case of rheumatoid arthritis, there have been reports of the role of induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) or fibrocytes and T cell interactions with exciting implications. The large number of studies dealing with neuroimmunology pointed to Th17 cells, CD56(bright) NK cells, and low-level TLR2 ligands as involved in multiple sclerosis, along with a high salt intake or the micriobiome-derived Lipid 654. Lastly, we focused on the rare vasculitides to which numerous studies were devoted and suggested that unsuspected cell populations, including monocytes, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and innate lymphoid cells, may be crucial to ANCA-associated manifestations. This brief and arbitrary discussion of the findings published in 2016 is representative of a promising background for developments that will enormously impact the work of laboratory scientists and physicians at an exponential rate.
2016 年发表的使用“自身免疫”关键词检索到的同行评审文章数量保持稳定，在免疫学文章中略有优势。然而，出版物的质量一直在显著提高，重要的是，免疫学或自身免疫学专业期刊也开始提供获取途径。在系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、中枢神经系统自身免疫、血管炎和血清阴性脊柱关节病等领域取得了重大发现。有一些例子包括白细胞介素 17 相关基因和长非编码 RNA 在系统性红斑狼疮中的作用，或抗 pentraxin 3（PTX3）在治疗这种典型自身免疫疾病中的作用。在类风湿关节炎方面，有报道称诱导调节性 T 细胞（iTregs）或成纤维细胞以及 T 细胞与令人兴奋的影响的相互作用的作用。大量涉及神经免疫学的研究表明，Th17 细胞、CD56（bright）NK 细胞和低水平 TLR2 配体与多发性硬化症有关，此外还有高盐摄入或微生物衍生的脂质 654。最后，我们专注于罕见的血管炎，对其进行了大量研究，并表明包括单核细胞、黏膜相关不变 T 细胞和先天淋巴细胞在内的许多未被怀疑的细胞群可能对 ANCA 相关表现至关重要。对 2016 年发表的研究结果的简要和任意讨论代表了一个有希望的背景，这些发现将以指数级的速度极大地影响实验室科学家和医生的工作。
