Arena Salvatore, Iacona Roberta, Antonuccio Pietro, Russo Tiziana, Salvo Vincenzo, Gitto Eloisa, Impellizzeri Pietro, Romeo Carmelo
Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy.
Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Exp Ther Med. 2017 May;13(5):2115-2122. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4289. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
Testicular torsion or torsion of the spermatic cord is one of the most serious urological conditions. It causes testicular injury, which potentially leads to male subfertility. The turning of the spermatic cord and spermatic structures around themselves results in biochemical and histological changes; however, following testicular detorsion, tissues undergo reperfusion that causes more severe damage than that induced by ischemia. Since the primary causes of testicular damage are reactive oxygen species production, an increase in intra-mitochondrial calcium concentration and an increased rate of cellular apoptosis, different medications may potentially be effective. It seems that several medications, experimentally and sometimes clinically, serve an adjuvant role in the cellular damage that occurs following ischemia-reperfusion. Antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, phytotherapeutical medicinals, anaesthetics, hormones and platelet inhibitors may potentially create a solid basis for an adjuvant restoring therapy and ameliorate testicular function following torsion. The current study aimed to review the relevant literature and discuss the actions of a number of molecules that may protect the testes during ischemia/reperfusion injury.
睾丸扭转或精索扭转是最严重的泌尿外科疾病之一。它会导致睾丸损伤，这有可能导致男性生育能力低下。精索及其结构自身扭转会导致生化和组织学变化；然而，在睾丸扭转复位后，组织会经历再灌注，这会导致比缺血更严重的损伤。由于睾丸损伤的主要原因是活性氧的产生、线粒体内钙浓度的增加以及细胞凋亡率的提高，不同的药物可能会有效果。似乎有几种药物，无论是在实验上还是有时在临床上，在缺血再灌注后发生的细胞损伤中都起到辅助作用。抗氧化剂、钙通道阻滞剂、植物治疗药物、麻醉剂、激素和血小板抑制剂可能为辅助恢复治疗创造坚实基础，并改善扭转后的睾丸功能。本研究旨在综述相关文献，并讨论一些可能在缺血/再灌注损伤期间保护睾丸的分子的作用。
