Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
Board of Directors, The Gorongosa Project, Gorongosa National Park, Sofala Province, Mozambique.
Nature. 2017 May 31;546(7656):91-99. doi: 10.1038/nature22902.
International agreements mandate the expansion of Earth's protected-area network as a bulwark against the continued extinction of wild populations, species, and ecosystems. Yet many protected areas are underfunded, poorly managed, and ecologically damaged; the conundrum is how to increase their coverage and effectiveness simultaneously. Innovative restoration and rewilding programmes in Costa Rica's Área de Conservación Guanacaste and Mozambique's Parque Nacional da Gorongosa highlight how degraded ecosystems can be rehabilitated, expanded, and woven into the cultural fabric of human societies. Worldwide, enormous potential for biodiversity conservation can be realized by upgrading existing nature reserves while harmonizing them with the needs and aspirations of their constituencies.
国际协议要求扩大地球的保护区网络，作为防止野生种群、物种和生态系统持续灭绝的堡垒。然而，许多保护区资金不足、管理不善且生态受到破坏；难题在于如何同时增加它们的覆盖范围和有效性。哥斯达黎加的瓜纳卡斯特保护区和莫桑比克的戈隆戈萨国家公园的创新恢复和再野化计划强调了如何恢复、扩大退化的生态系统，并将其融入人类社会的文化结构中。在全球范围内，通过升级现有自然保护区并使其与利益相关者的需求和愿望保持一致，可以实现保护生物多样性的巨大潜力。
