Anturaniemi Johanna, Uusitalo Liisa, Hielm-Björkman Anna
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 1;12(6):e0178771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178771. eCollection 2017.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to observe whether environmental factors and phenotypic traits are associated with owner-reported skin problems and with veterinary diagnosed canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). Data were collected using the validated online DOGRISK questionnaire. Out of the data that the questionnaire provides for analysis, focus was first turned towards addressing questions regarding 'Atopy/allergy (skin symptoms)' using a total of 8643 dogs: 1585 dogs with owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms and 7058 dogs without. A subsequent analysis compared dogs with veterinary-verified CAD (n = 322) as a case group against the 7058 dogs without owner-reported skin symptoms. The association between 21 factors related to the environment, canine phenotypes and breed groups within both populations were analysed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. The environmental factors that showed a significant inverse association with the risk of owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms were as following: whether the dog was living in a detached house, whether there were other dogs in the household, and whether the dog was born in the current household. Having over 50% white colour in the coat and living in an extremely clean household were significantly associated with an increased risk of owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms. The five breeds demonstrating the highest proportion of owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms were West Highland white terrier, Boxer, English bulldog, Dalmatian and French bulldog. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale dog breed groups 3 (Terriers) and 6 (Scent hounds and related breeds) showed a significantly higher risk for owner-reported allergic/atopic skin symptoms than mixed breed dogs. In the second population, the inverse association was observed between the risk of CAD and the presence of other dogs in the household, and whether the dog had been born in the current household. The results indicate that some environmental factors and canine phenotypes are associated with CAD and owner-reported skin symptoms, but they still do not prove causality.
这项横断面研究的目的是观察环境因素和表型特征是否与主人报告的皮肤问题以及兽医诊断的犬异位性皮炎（CAD）相关。使用经过验证的在线DOGRISK问卷收集数据。在问卷提供的用于分析的数据中，首先聚焦于使用总共8643只狗来解决有关“特应性/过敏（皮肤症状）”的问题：1585只主人报告有过敏性/特应性皮肤症状的狗和7058只没有此类症状的狗。随后的分析将经兽医确诊为CAD的狗（n = 322）作为病例组与7058只没有主人报告皮肤症状的狗进行比较。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析了两组人群中与环境、犬类表型和品种组相关的21个因素之间的关联。与主人报告的过敏性/特应性皮肤症状风险呈显著负相关的环境因素如下：狗是否住在独立住宅中、家中是否有其他狗以及狗是否在当前住所出生。被毛超过50%为白色以及生活在极其干净的家庭中与主人报告的过敏性/特应性皮肤症状风险增加显著相关。主人报告的过敏性/特应性皮肤症状比例最高的五个品种是西高地白梗、拳师犬、英国斗牛犬、大麦町犬和法国斗牛犬。国际犬业联合会犬种组3（梗犬）和6（嗅觉猎犬及相关品种）主人报告的过敏性/特应性皮肤症状风险显著高于混种犬。在第二组人群中，观察到CAD风险与家中其他狗的存在以及狗是否在当前住所出生之间呈负相关。结果表明，一些环境因素和犬类表型与CAD和主人报告的皮肤症状相关，但仍不能证明因果关系。
