Jordan H F, Todd G, Sinclair W, Green R J
S Afr Med J. 2014 Oct;104(10):706-9. doi: 10.7196/samj.8840.
The aetiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is complex and during recent years much has been learnt regarding the genetic predisposition to the development of this condition and how its interaction with the environment influences clinical manifestations. AD is not a simple condition. An inherited stratum corneum barrier defect, transepidermal water loss, early antigen exposure through the skin and over-hygienic care of the young child seem to be the major drivers in the manifestation of the disease. Many other, more specific, environmental factors may influence the clinical picture in individual patients; some of these have an allergic basis, while others do not. In this article, the terminology used in this issue of CME is explained, the evidence for the different aetiopathological factors is presented and the factors that worsen or improve AD are listed.
特应性皮炎（AD）的发病机制复杂，近年来，关于该病发生发展的遗传易感性以及其与环境的相互作用如何影响临床表现，我们已经了解了很多。AD并非一种简单的疾病。遗传性角质层屏障缺陷、经皮水分流失、通过皮肤的早期抗原暴露以及幼儿过度卫生护理似乎是该病表现的主要驱动因素。许多其他更具体的环境因素可能会影响个体患者的临床表现；其中一些有过敏基础，而另一些则没有。在本文中，解释了本期继续医学教育（CME）中使用的术语，介绍了不同病因病理因素的证据，并列出了使AD恶化或改善的因素。
