Huang Juan, Gut Larry, Grieshop Matthew
Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
Environ Entomol. 2017 Aug 1;46(4):878-884. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx097.
The Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a highly invasive species attacking a wide range of ripening soft-skinned fruits. A series of laboratory choice tests were conducted to determine whether different levels of rice vinegar affected attraction of Merlot wine to D. suzukii, as well as to compare attractiveness of two common fermentation food baits: wine-vinegar and yeast-sugar water mixtures. The relative attraction of various combinations was used to develop a bait whose effectiveness was tested in the field. In laboratory choice experiments, wine-vinegar (80:20, v:v, hereafter referred to as wine) was more preferred over a yeast-sugar water mixture (hereafter referred to as yeast) by D. suzukii. Combination baits, either a mixture of wine and yeast or a mixture of wine and a supernatant from the yeast (comboS), were significantly more attractive than each product alone. The two combination baits were equally attractive to D. suzukii, so were the yeast and its supernatant, suggesting that yeast supernatant could be used as a replacement for the yeast-sugar mixture currently used for trapping D. suzukii. The additive effect between wine and yeast supernatant in the field was not as profound as observed in the laboratory. In the field trial, numerically more male and female D. suzukii were captured in traps baited with comboS than those baited with the wine or yeast alone; however, significant differences were only found between the comboS and wine or between the comboS and yeast in some weeks over the period of the experiment.
铃木果蝇（松村）（双翅目：果蝇科）是一种极具入侵性的物种，会攻击多种成熟的软皮水果。进行了一系列实验室选择试验，以确定不同浓度的米醋是否会影响梅洛葡萄酒对铃木果蝇的吸引力，同时比较两种常见发酵食品诱饵（葡萄酒 - 醋和酵母 - 糖水混合物）的吸引力。利用各种组合的相对吸引力来开发一种诱饵，并在田间测试其有效性。在实验室选择实验中，铃木果蝇更倾向于选择葡萄酒 - 醋（80:20，体积比，以下简称葡萄酒）而非酵母 - 糖水混合物（以下简称酵母）。组合诱饵，即葡萄酒与酵母的混合物或葡萄酒与酵母上清液的混合物（comboS），比单独的每种产品更具吸引力。这两种组合诱饵对铃木果蝇的吸引力相同，酵母及其上清液也是如此，这表明酵母上清液可替代目前用于诱捕铃木果蝇的酵母 - 糖混合物。葡萄酒和酵母上清液在田间的相加效应不如在实验室中观察到的那么显著。在田间试验中，用comboS诱饵诱捕到的铃木果蝇雄性和雌性数量在数值上多于用葡萄酒或酵母单独诱饵诱捕到的；然而，在实验期间的某些周里，仅在comboS与葡萄酒之间或comboS与酵母之间发现了显著差异。
