Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Wapato, WA 98951, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2014 Feb;70(2):324-31. doi: 10.1002/ps.3568. Epub 2013 Jul 22.
A mixture of wine and vinegar is more attractive than wine or vinegar to spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), and ethanol and acetic acid are considered key to that attractiveness. In addition to ethanol and acetic acid, 13 other wine and vinegar volatiles are antennally active to D. suzukii and might be involved in food finding.
Out of the 13 antennally active chemicals, acetoin, ethyl lactate and methionol increased fly response to a mixture of acetic acid and ethanol in field trapping experiments. A five-component blend of acetic acid, ethanol, acetoin, ethyl lactate and methionol was as attractive as the starting mixture of wine and vinegar in field tests conducted in the states of Oregon and Mississippi. Subtracting ethyl lactate from the five-component blend did not reduce the captures of flies in the trap. However, subtracting any other compound from the blend significantly reduced the numbers of flies captured.
These results indicate that acetic acid, ethanol, acetoin and methionol are key olfactory cues for D. suzukii when attracted to wine and vinegar, which may be food-finding behavior leading flies to fermenting fruit in nature. It is anticipated that this four-component blend can be used as a highly attractive chemical lure for detection and management of D. suzukii. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
葡萄酒和醋的混合物比葡萄酒或醋更能吸引豹斑虎纹果蝇，果蝇（双翅目：果蝇科），而乙醇和乙酸被认为是这种吸引力的关键。除了乙醇和乙酸，葡萄酒和醋中的 13 种其他挥发性物质对 D. suzukii 具有触角活性，可能参与食物寻找。
在 13 种具有触角活性的化学物质中，乙酰丙酮、乳酸乙酯和甲硫醇在野外诱捕实验中增加了果蝇对乙酸和乙醇混合物的反应。在俄勒冈州和密西西比州进行的野外试验中，由乙酸、乙醇、乙酰丙酮、乳酸乙酯和甲硫醇组成的五组分混合物与原始葡萄酒和醋混合物一样具有吸引力。从五组分混合物中减去乳酸乙酯不会减少诱捕器中苍蝇的捕获量。然而，从混合物中减去任何其他化合物都会显著减少捕获的苍蝇数量。
这些结果表明，当 D. suzukii 被葡萄酒和醋吸引时，乙酸、乙醇、乙酰丙酮和甲硫醇是关键的嗅觉线索，这可能是一种食物寻找行为，导致果蝇在自然界中寻找发酵水果。预计这种四组分混合物可用于检测和管理 D. suzukii 的高度有吸引力的化学诱饵。2013 年出版。本文是美国政府的一项工作，在美国属于公有领域。
