Marrus Natasha, Hall Lacey
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8504, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2017 Jul;26(3):539-554. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2017.03.001.
Intellectual disability (ID) and language disorders are neurodevelopmental conditions arising in early childhood. Child psychiatrists are likely to encounter children with ID and language disorders because both are strongly associated with challenging behaviors and mental disorder. Because early intervention is associated with optimal outcomes, child psychiatrists must be aware of their signs and symptoms, particularly as related to delays in cognitive and adaptive function. Optimal management of both ID and language disorders requires a multidisciplinary, team-based, and family centered approach. Child psychiatrists play an important role on this team, given their expertise with contextualizing and treating challenging behaviors.
智力障碍（ID）和语言障碍是儿童早期出现的神经发育状况。儿童精神科医生很可能会遇到患有智力障碍和语言障碍的儿童，因为这两者都与具有挑战性的行为和精神障碍密切相关。由于早期干预与最佳结果相关，儿童精神科医生必须了解其体征和症状，特别是与认知和适应功能延迟有关的体征和症状。对智力障碍和语言障碍的最佳管理需要采取多学科、团队协作和以家庭为中心的方法。鉴于儿童精神科医生在将具有挑战性的行为情境化和治疗方面的专业知识，他们在这个团队中发挥着重要作用。
