Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Oct 23;21(11):1402. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21111402.
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) face unique challenges in accessing cancer prevention measures. Caregivers play a crucial role in facilitating these measures, yet their perspectives are under-researched. This systematic literature review explores caregiver perspectives on cancer prevention for adults with IDs in institutional and home care settings, aiming to understand their roles, knowledge, and challenges. Thirteen articles from the UK, the USA, Canada, and Ireland were analyzed through thematic synthesis. Four overarching themes were identified: breast cancer screening perspectives, caregivers' knowledge and barriers to cancer prevention, caregivers' perspectives, and cultural context and decision-making. Caregivers, including healthcare professionals and family members, are essential in facilitating breast cancer screening for individuals with IDs. Challenges include explaining screening procedures, limited awareness, and logistical barriers, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions. Disparities in access underscore the necessity for comprehensive training programs. Healthcare professionals' perspectives reveal existing disparities and suggest interventions for improved accessibility and understanding. Cultural context influences decision-making, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive care. The role of family caregivers in decision-making necessitates empowering and supporting them through tailored interventions. This review provides insights into the challenges and opportunities in cancer prevention for individuals with IDs, suggesting the need for educational interventions, training programs, and systemic changes to address disparities. It lays the groundwork for future research and the development of holistic and inclusive strategies in this critical healthcare domain.
个体智力残疾者（IDs）在获取癌症预防措施方面面临独特的挑战。护理人员在促进这些措施方面发挥着至关重要的作用，但他们的观点却很少被研究。本系统文献回顾探讨了护理人员在机构和家庭护理环境中对智力残疾成年人癌症预防的观点，旨在了解他们的角色、知识和挑战。通过主题综合分析，从英国、美国、加拿大和爱尔兰的 13 篇文章中得出了四个主要主题：乳腺癌筛查观点、护理人员对癌症预防的知识和障碍、护理人员观点以及文化背景和决策。护理人员，包括医疗保健专业人员和家庭成员，对于为智力残疾者进行乳腺癌筛查至关重要。挑战包括解释筛查程序、意识有限和后勤障碍，这突出表明需要有针对性的教育干预。获得机会的差距强调了全面培训计划的必要性。医疗保健专业人员的观点揭示了现有的差距，并提出了干预措施，以提高可及性和理解度。文化背景影响决策，强调了关怀的重要性。家庭护理人员在决策中的作用需要通过量身定制的干预措施来赋予他们权力并支持他们。本综述提供了智力残疾者癌症预防方面的挑战和机遇的见解，表明需要进行教育干预、培训计划和系统变革，以解决差距问题。它为未来在这一重要医疗保健领域的研究和制定全面包容的策略奠定了基础。
