Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; Health Environment Management Agency, Ministry of Health of Viet Nam, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
J Infect. 2017 Sep;75(3):225-233. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.05.017. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Influenza is responsible for a large number of deaths which can only be estimated using modelling methods. Such methods have rarely been applied to describe the major socio-demographic characteristics of this disease burden.
We used quasi Poisson regression models with weekly counts of deaths and isolates of influenza A, B and respiratory syncytial virus for the period 1994 to 2008.
The estimated average mortality rate was 13.5 per 100,000 people which was 1.8% of all deaths in New Zealand. Influenza mortality differed markedly by age, sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic position. Relatively vulnerable groups were males aged 65-79 years (Rate ratio (RR) = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.9, 1.9 compared with females), Māori (RR = 3.6, 95% CI: 3.6, 3.7 compared with European/Others aged 65-79 years), Pacific (RR = 2.4, 95% CI: 2.4, 2.4 compared with European/Others aged 65-79 years) and those living in the most deprived areas (RR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.4) for New Zealand Deprivation (NZDep) 9&10 (the most deprived) compared with NZDep 1&2 (the least deprived).
These results support targeting influenza vaccination and other interventions to the most vulnerable groups, in particular Māori and Pacific people and men aged 65-79 years and those living in the most deprived areas.
流感可导致大量死亡，而这些死亡人数只能通过建模方法进行估计。此类方法很少用于描述流感疾病负担的主要社会人口统计学特征。
我们使用了准泊松回归模型，根据 1994 年至 2008 年期间每周的流感 A、B 和呼吸道合胞病毒死亡人数和分离株数进行了分析。
估计的平均死亡率为每 10 万人 13.5 人，占新西兰所有死亡人数的 1.8%。流感死亡率因年龄、性别、种族和社会经济地位而有显著差异。相对脆弱的群体是 65-79 岁的男性（年龄别率比（RR）=1.9，95%置信区间：1.9，1.9 与女性相比）、毛利人（RR=3.6，95%置信区间：3.6，3.7 与 65-79 岁的欧洲/其他族裔相比）、太平洋岛民（RR=2.4，95%置信区间：2.4，2.4 与 65-79 岁的欧洲/其他族裔相比）和生活在最贫困地区的人（RR=1.8，95%置信区间：1.3，2.4）与新西兰贫困指数（NZDep）9&10（最贫困）相比，NZDep 1&2（最不贫困）。
这些结果支持针对最脆弱群体（特别是毛利人和太平洋岛民以及 65-79 岁的男性和生活在最贫困地区的人）开展流感疫苗接种和其他干预措施。
