Stergiou-Kita Mary, Grigorovich Alisa, Damianakis Thecla, Le Dorze Guylaine, David Christine, Lemsky Carolyn, Hebert Debbie
Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Work. 2017;57(2):245-258. doi: 10.3233/WOR-172556.
Misperceptions regarding persons with brain injuries (PWBI) can lead to stigmatization, workplace discrimination and, in turn, influence PWBIs full vocational integration.
In this study we explored how stigma may influence return-to-work processes, experiences of stigma and discrimination at the workplace for persons with (moderate to severe) brain injuries, and strategies that can be employed to manage disclosure.
Exploratory qualitative study; used in-depth interviews and an inductive thematic analytical approach in data analysis. Ten PWBI and five employment service providers participated. PWBI discussed their work experiences, relationships with supervisors and co-workers and experiences of stigma and/or discrimination at work. Employment service providers discussed their perceptions regarding PWBI's rights and abilities to work, reported incidents of workplace discrimination, and how issues related to stigma, discrimination and disclosure are managed.
Three themes were identified: i) public, employer and provider knowledge about brain injury and beliefs about PWBI; ii) incidents of workplace discrimination; iii) disclosure. Misperceptions regarding PWBI persist amongst the public and employers. Incidents of workplace discrimination included social exclusion at the workplace, hiring discrimination, denial of promotion/demotion, harassment, and failure to provide reasonable accommodations. Disclosure decisions required careful consideration of PWBI needs, the type of information that should be shared, and the context in which that information is shared.
Public understanding about PWBI remains limited. PWBI require further assistance to manage disclosure and incidents of workplace discrimination.
对脑损伤患者（PWBI）的误解可能导致污名化、职场歧视，进而影响脑损伤患者的完全职业融入。
在本研究中，我们探讨了污名如何影响（中度至重度）脑损伤患者的重返工作流程、职场中的污名和歧视经历，以及可用于管理信息披露的策略。
探索性定性研究；在数据分析中采用深度访谈和归纳主题分析方法。十名脑损伤患者和五名就业服务提供者参与其中。脑损伤患者讨论了他们的工作经历、与主管和同事的关系以及工作中的污名和/或歧视经历。就业服务提供者讨论了他们对脑损伤患者工作权利和能力的看法、报告的职场歧视事件，以及与污名、歧视和信息披露相关的问题是如何处理的。
确定了三个主题：i）公众、雇主和提供者对脑损伤的了解以及对脑损伤患者的看法；ii）职场歧视事件；iii）信息披露。公众和雇主对脑损伤患者的误解仍然存在。职场歧视事件包括职场中的社会排斥、招聘歧视、拒绝晋升/降职、骚扰以及未能提供合理便利。信息披露决策需要仔细考虑脑损伤患者的需求、应分享的信息类型以及分享信息的背景。
公众对脑损伤患者的了解仍然有限。脑损伤患者需要进一步的帮助来管理信息披露和职场歧视事件。
