Wei Yun, Cheng Biao, Zhu Guoding, Shen Danyu, Liang Jiangtao, Wang Cong, Wang Jing, Tang Jianxia, Cao Jun, Sharakhov Igor V, Xia Ai
Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
Malar J. 2017 Jun 5;16(1):235. doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-1888-7.
Anopheles sinensis is a dominant natural vector of Plasmodium vivax in China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea. Recent genome sequencing of An. sinensis provides important insights into the genomic basis of vectorial capacity. However, the lack of a physical genome map with chromosome assignment and orientation of sequencing scaffolds hinders comparative analyses with other genomes to infer evolutionary changes relevant to the vector capacity.
Here, a physical genome map for An. sinensis was constructed by assigning 52 scaffolds onto the chromosomes using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This chromosome-based genome assembly composes approximately 36% of the total An. sinensis genome. Comparisons of 3955 orthologous genes between An. sinensis and Anopheles gambiae identified 361 conserved synteny blocks and 267 inversions fixed between these two lineages. The rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome is approximately 3.2 times higher than that on the autosomes.
The physical map will facilitate detailed genomic analysis of An. sinensis and contribute to understanding of the patterns and mechanisms of large-scale genome rearrangements in anopheline mosquitoes.
中华按蚊是中国、台湾、日本和韩国间日疟原虫的主要自然传播媒介。最近对中华按蚊的基因组测序为其传播能力的基因组基础提供了重要见解。然而，缺乏带有染色体定位和测序支架方向的物理基因组图谱阻碍了与其他基因组进行比较分析，以推断与传播能力相关的进化变化。
在此，通过使用荧光原位杂交（FISH）将52个支架定位到染色体上，构建了中华按蚊的物理基因组图谱。这种基于染色体的基因组组装约占中华按蚊基因组总量的36%。中华按蚊和冈比亚按蚊之间3955个直系同源基因的比较确定了361个保守的同线基因块以及这两个谱系之间固定的267个倒位。X染色体上基因顺序重排的速率大约是常染色体上的3.2倍。
该物理图谱将有助于对中华按蚊进行详细的基因组分析，并有助于理解按蚊大规模基因组重排的模式和机制。
