Sharakhova M V, Antonio-Nkondjio C, Xia A, Ndo C, Awono-Ambene P, Simard F, Sharakhov I V
Department of Entomology, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.
Med Vet Entomol. 2014 Sep;28(3):337-40. doi: 10.1111/mve.12037. Epub 2013 Nov 5.
Anopheles moucheti Evans (Diptera: Culicidae) is a major vector of malaria in forested areas of Central Africa. However, few genetic tools are available for this species. The present study represents the first attempt to characterize chromosomes in An. moucheti females collected in Cameroon. Ovarian nurse cells contained polytene chromosomes, which were suitable for standard cytogenetic applications. The presence of three polymorphic chromosomal inversions in An. moucheti was revealed. Two of these inversions were located on the 2R chromosome arm. The homology between the 2R chromosome arms of An. moucheti and Anopheles gambiae Giles was established by fluorescent in situ hybridization of six An. gambiae genic sequences. Mapping of the probes on chromosomes of An. moucheti detected substantial gene order reshuffling between the two species. The presence of polytene chromosomes and polymorphic inversions in An. moucheti provides a new basis for further population genetic, taxonomic and ecological studies of this neglected malaria vector.
穆氏按蚊（双翅目：蚊科）是中非森林地区疟疾的主要传播媒介。然而，针对该物种的遗传工具很少。本研究首次尝试对在喀麦隆采集的穆氏按蚊雌蚊的染色体进行特征描述。卵巢滋养细胞含有多线染色体，适用于标准细胞遗传学应用。研究揭示了穆氏按蚊中存在三种多态性染色体倒位。其中两种倒位位于2R染色体臂上。通过对六种冈比亚按蚊基因序列进行荧光原位杂交，确定了穆氏按蚊与冈比亚按蚊2R染色体臂之间的同源性。将探针定位到穆氏按蚊染色体上，检测到这两个物种之间存在大量基因顺序重排。穆氏按蚊中多线染色体和多态性倒位的存在为进一步研究这种被忽视的疟疾传播媒介的群体遗传学、分类学和生态学提供了新的基础。
