Moscato Alba, Varescon Isabelle
Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, University Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne City, Boulogne Billancourt, France.
Health Soc Care Community. 2018 Jan;26(1):27-34. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12457. Epub 2017 Jun 6.
In France, few studies have examined home care when it comes to ageing support and even fewer have considered alcohol misuse in this context. The studies also show that being old and having alcohol use disorders are two unfavourable conditions for receiving help, whereas for the Alzheimer's disease, there is a clear need for optimal care. In this article, we study professional home caregiver's perceptions of their job along with their difficulties and satisfactions in supporting older people with Alzheimer's disease or alcohol misuse. Out of the 23 professionals approached, 17 took part in a research interview from October 2013 to January 2014. All interviews were recorded, fully transcribed and lexically analysed with Alceste software. Among the five classes that were identified from 63% of the initial data, the main themes that emerged illustrate the nature of the associated pathologies, the perceptions and satisfactions related to the profession, their adaptive skills, the difficulties related to the life context of the older person, and the wine consumption of the latter. The lexical discourse analysis shows that the professional home caregivers are involved in looking after not only people with Alzheimer's disease but also those with alcohol misuse. However, despite the difficulties and satisfactions encountered, adaptation to the older people seems to be their priority and one of the many skills that they have acquired during their professionalisation. Most of the older people who are helped are women and the difficulties mentioned by their caregivers usually arise at the time of their death. Lastly, when caring for alcohol misusers, they describe negative attitudes in their support. Although research in this area is rare while home care for the older person, whatever the pathology, is increasing, professionals need to be supported by the associations or companies that employ them and should be trained to help them provide the appropriate care.
在法国，涉及老年赡养方面的家庭护理研究较少，而在此背景下考虑酒精滥用问题的研究更少。研究还表明，年老且患有酒精使用障碍是获得帮助的两个不利条件，而对于阿尔茨海默病患者，显然需要最佳护理。在本文中，我们研究了专业家庭护理人员对其工作的看法，以及他们在照顾患有阿尔茨海默病或酒精滥用问题的老年人时所遇到的困难和满意度。在接触的23名专业人员中，有17人在2013年10月至2014年1月期间参加了一项研究访谈。所有访谈均进行了录音、完整转录，并使用Alceste软件进行了词汇分析。在从63%的初始数据中确定的五个类别中，出现的主要主题说明了相关病症的性质、与职业相关的看法和满意度、他们的适应技能、与老年人生活环境相关的困难以及老年人的饮酒情况。词汇话语分析表明，专业家庭护理人员不仅参与照顾患有阿尔茨海默病的人，还照顾那些有酒精滥用问题的人。然而，尽管遇到了困难和满意度问题，但适应老年人似乎是他们的首要任务，也是他们在职业化过程中获得的众多技能之一。大多数得到帮助的老年人是女性，护理人员提到的困难通常在她们去世时出现。最后，在照顾酒精滥用者时，他们描述了自己在支持过程中的消极态度。尽管这一领域的研究很少，而无论患有何种病症，针对老年人的家庭护理都在增加，但专业人员需要得到雇用他们的协会或公司的支持，并且应该接受培训，以帮助他们提供适当的护理。
