Mellouk Zoheir, Benammar Ilhem, Krouf Djamil, Goudjil Makhlouf, Okbi Meriem, Malaisse Willy
Laboratory of Physiology of Nutrition and Food Safety, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria.
Laboratory of Development and Differentiation Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria.
Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jun;13(6):3281-3290. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4413. Epub 2017 May 2.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the total phenolic and lipid content, fatty acids profiles and antioxidant activities of aqueous and solvent extracts of the red seaweed , through six different investigations. The present study demonstrated that phenol contents (mg gallic acid/g dry weight) were highest in the aqueous and methanolic extracts, followed by the ethanolic, hydroethanolic and hydromethanolic extracts. The lowest phenol contents were identified in the three remaining extracts: Butanolic, petroleum ether and acetone extracts. Furthermore, the total lipid content of the algae powder amounted to 2.85% of dry weight. The fatty acid methyl ester profiles analysed by gas-liquid chromatography represented indicated that fatty acids comprised 91.0±0.3% of total algae lipids. The saturated to unsaturated fatty acid contents amounted to 23.2±0.1 and 67.9±0.4% respectively. C13:0 (tridecanoate), C15:0 (pentadecanoate) and C17:0 (heptadecanoate) represented 47.4% of the total saturated fatty acids. Notably, the two most abundant unsaturated fatty acids, C15:1 (pentadecenoate) and C18:2 (octadecadienoate) represented 13.4 and 11.4% respectively, of the total unsaturated fatty acid content. Furthermore, the results of the antioxidant screening performed at 1.0 mg/ml, revealed that aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited higher inhibition against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals and excellent radical scavenging activity [with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values 5.1 and 15.0 µg/ml, respectively], demonstrating improved antioxidant behavior when compared with standard ascorbic acid (which has an IC value of 3.7 µg/ml). Scavenging activity of the aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited a strong peroxidation inhibition against linoleic acid emulsion system at a concentration of 300 µg/ml in comparison to the butylated hydroxyltoluene. Although all the studied extracts exhibited ferric reducing power, the aqueous and methanolic extracts had greater hydrogen donating ability. By contrast, hydromethanolic, ethanolic, hydroethanolic, butanolic, acetone and petroleum ether extracts exhibited weak antioxidant behavior. The antioxidant activity of potent seaweed species identified in the current study means that as well as being used as a functional food, they may be developed as novel pharmaceutical compounds and may be used as anti-ageing agents.
本研究的目的是通过六项不同的调查，评估红海藻水提取物和溶剂提取物的总酚含量、脂质含量、脂肪酸谱及抗氧化活性。本研究表明，水提取物和甲醇提取物中的酚含量（毫克没食子酸/克干重）最高，其次是乙醇提取物、水乙醇提取物和水甲醇提取物。在其余三种提取物中酚含量最低：丁醇提取物、石油醚提取物和丙酮提取物。此外，藻类粉末的总脂质含量占干重的2.85%。通过气液色谱分析的脂肪酸甲酯谱表明，脂肪酸占藻类总脂质的91.0±0.3%。饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为23.2±0.1%和67.9±0.4%。C13:0（十三烷酸）、C15:0（十五烷酸）和C17:0（十七烷酸）占总饱和脂肪酸的47.4%。值得注意的是，两种含量最丰富的不饱和脂肪酸，C15:1（十五碳烯酸）和C18:2（十八碳二烯酸）分别占总不饱和脂肪酸含量的13.4%和11.4%。此外，在1.0毫克/毫升浓度下进行的抗氧化筛选结果显示，水提取物和甲醇提取物对超氧自由基和一氧化氮自由基表现出更高的抑制作用以及出色的自由基清除活性[半数最大抑制浓度（IC）值分别为5.1和15.0微克/毫升]，与标准抗坏血酸（IC值为3.7微克/毫升）相比，显示出更好的抗氧化性能。与丁基羟基甲苯相比，水提取物和甲醇提取物在300微克/毫升浓度下对亚油酸乳液体系表现出强烈的过氧化抑制清除活性。尽管所有研究的提取物均表现出铁还原能力，但水提取物和甲醇提取物具有更强的供氢能力。相比之下，水甲醇提取物、乙醇提取物、水乙醇提取物、丁醇提取物、丙酮提取物和石油醚提取物表现出较弱的抗氧化性能。在本研究中鉴定出的具有强大抗氧化活性的海藻物种意味着，它们除了可作为功能性食品使用外，还可能被开发为新型药物化合物，并可用作抗衰老剂。
