Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan.
Nitric Oxide. 2018 Feb 28;73:66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
Diet is associated with the development of cancer in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, because dietary nitrate and nitrite are the main nitrosating agents that are responsible for the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) when nitrosatable substrates, such as amine and amide, are present in the GI tract. However, whether the nitroso compounds become beneficial S-nitroso compounds or carcinogenic NOCs might depend on dietary and environmental factors including food stuffs, gastric acidity, microbial flora, and the mean transit time of digesta. This review focused on GI NOC formation and environmental risk factors affecting its formation to provide appropriate nutritional strategies to prevent the development of GI cancer.
饮食与胃肠道（GI）癌症的发生有关，因为膳食中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐是主要的亚硝化剂，当 GI 道中存在可亚硝化的底物（如胺和酰胺）时，它们负责形成致癌的 N-亚硝基化合物（NOCs）。然而，亚硝基化合物是否成为有益的 S-亚硝基化合物或致癌的 NOC 可能取决于饮食和环境因素，包括食物、胃酸度、微生物菌群和消化物的平均通过时间。本综述重点介绍了 GI NOC 的形成和影响其形成的环境危险因素，以提供适当的营养策略来预防 GI 癌症的发生。
