Cáceres-Mella Alejandro, Talaverano M Inmaculada, Villalobos-González Luis, Ribalta-Pizarro Camila, Pastenes Claudio
Escuela de Agronomía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, San Francisco s/n, La Palma, Casilla 4-D, Quillota, Chile.
CICYTEX-Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture-INTAEX (Government of Extremadura), Adolfo Suarez, s/n 06071, Badajoz, Spain.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2017 Aug;117:34-41. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.05.015. Epub 2017 May 26.
The influence of controlled water deficit on the phenolic composition and gene expression of VvLAR2, VvMYBPA1, VvMYBPA2 and VvMYB4a in Cabernet Sauvignon grape skins throughout ripening was investigated. The assay was carried out on own-rooted Vitis vinifera plants cv. Cabernet Sauvignon in a commercial vineyard from veraison until commercial harvest. Three irrigation regimes were used from veraison until harvest with the following treatments: T1: 3.6 mm day; T2: 1.8 mm day and T3: 0.3 mm day. The content of total phenols and total anthocyanins in grape skins increased during ripening, but water deficit did not produce differences among treatments in the total anthocyanin concentration. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) decreased throughout ripening, although approximately 25 days after veraison (DAV), their content slightly increased. This effect was more pronounced in the most restrictive treatment (T3). A similar pattern was observed in the transcript abundance of VvLAR2, VvMYBPA1 and VvMYB4a. PAs separation revealed differences in concentration but not in the proportion among fractions among the irrigation treatments. Additionally, controlled water deficit increased the mean degree of polymerization and the flavan-3-ol polymeric concentration in grape skins throughout ripening but with no effects on the extent of PAs galloylation. Our results suggest that the water status of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines affects the gene expression for proteins involved in the synthesis of PAs, increasing their concentration and also their composition, with further evidence for the efficacy of a convenient, controlled water deficit strategy for grapevine cultivation.
研究了水分亏缺对赤霞珠葡萄果实成熟过程中果皮中酚类物质组成以及VvLAR2、VvMYBPA1、VvMYBPA2和VvMYB4a基因表达的影响。试验在商业葡萄园里对赤霞珠自根葡萄植株进行，从转色期至商业采收期。从转色期至采收期采用三种灌溉方式，处理如下：T1：每日3.6毫米；T2：每日1.8毫米；T3：每日0.3毫米。葡萄果皮中总酚和总花青素含量在成熟过程中增加，但水分亏缺对各处理间的总花青素浓度没有产生差异。原花青素（PAs）在整个成熟过程中减少，尽管在转色期后约25天（DAV），其含量略有增加。这种效应在最严格的处理（T3）中更为明显。在VvLAR2、VvMYBPA1和VvMYB4a的转录丰度上也观察到类似模式。PAs分离显示各灌溉处理间各组分的浓度有差异，但比例无差异。此外，水分亏缺在整个成熟过程中增加了葡萄果皮中原花青素的平均聚合度和黄烷-3-醇聚合物浓度，但对PAs的没食子酰化程度没有影响。我们的结果表明，赤霞珠葡萄树的水分状况会影响参与原花青素合成的蛋白质的基因表达，增加其浓度和组成，进一步证明了一种方便的、可控的水分亏缺策略对葡萄栽培的有效性。
