Ma Wenjie, Hagan Kaitlin A, Heianza Yoriko, Sun Qi, Rimm Eric B, Qi Lu
Departments of Epidemiology and.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; and.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Aug;106(2):589-596. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.147256. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
Adult height has shown directionally diverse associations with several age-related disorders, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, decline in cognitive function, and mortality. We investigated the associations of adult height with healthy aging measured by a full spectrum of health outcomes, including incidence of chronic diseases, memory, physical functioning, and mental health, among populations who have survived to older age, and whether lifestyle factors modified such relations. We included 52,135 women (mean age: 44.2 y) from the Nurses' Health Study without chronic diseases in 1980 and whose health status was available in 2012. Healthy aging was defined as being free of 11 major chronic diseases and having no reported impairment of subjective memory, physical impairment, or mental health limitations. Of all eligible study participants, 6877 (13.2%) were classified as healthy agers. After adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors, we observed an 8% (95% CI: 6%, 11%) decrease in the odds of healthy aging per SD (0.062 m) increase in height. Compared with the lowest category of height (≤1.57 m), the OR of achieving healthy aging in the highest category (≥1.70 m) was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.87; -trend < 0.001). In addition, we found a significant interaction of height with a prudent dietary pattern in relation to healthy aging (-interaction = 0.005), and among the individual dietary factors characterizing the prudent dietary pattern, fruit and vegetable intake showed the strongest effect modification (-interaction = 0.01). The association of greater height with reduced odds of healthy aging appeared to be more evident among women with higher adherence to the prudent dietary pattern rich in vegetable and fruit intake. Greater height was associated with a modest decrease in the likelihood of healthy aging. A prudent diet rich in fruit and vegetables might modify the relation.
成人身高与多种与年龄相关的疾病呈现出不同方向的关联，包括心血管疾病、癌症、认知功能衰退和死亡率。我们调查了在老年存活人群中，成人身高与通过一系列全面健康结果衡量的健康衰老之间的关联，这些结果包括慢性病发病率、记忆力、身体功能和心理健康，并探究生活方式因素是否会改变这种关系。我们纳入了来自护士健康研究的52135名女性（平均年龄：44.2岁），她们在1980年没有慢性病，且在2012年有健康状况记录。健康衰老被定义为没有11种主要慢性病，且没有主观记忆障碍、身体损伤或心理健康受限的报告。在所有符合条件的研究参与者中，6877人（13.2%）被归类为健康老年人。在调整了人口统计学和生活方式因素后，我们观察到身高每增加1个标准差（0.062米），健康衰老的几率降低8%（95%置信区间：6%，11%）。与身高最低类别（≤1.57米）相比，身高最高类别（≥1.70米）实现健康衰老的比值比为0.80（95%置信区间：0.73，0.87；趋势<0.001）。此外，我们发现身高与谨慎饮食模式在健康衰老方面存在显著交互作用（交互作用P值 = 0.005），在构成谨慎饮食模式的个体饮食因素中，水果和蔬菜摄入量显示出最强的效应修正作用（交互作用P值 = 0.01）。在蔬菜和水果摄入量丰富的谨慎饮食模式依从性较高的女性中，身高较高与健康衰老几率降低之间的关联似乎更为明显。身高较高与健康衰老可能性适度降低相关。富含水果和蔬菜的谨慎饮食可能会改变这种关系。
