Ann Intern Med. 2013 Nov 5;159(9):584-91. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00004.
Maintaining health and well-being in aging populations is critical.
To examine the association between dietary patterns in midlife and prevalence of healthy aging.
Cross-sectional observational study.
Nurses' Health Study.
10 670 women with dietary data and no major chronic diseases between 1984 and 1986, when they were in their late 50s and early 60s (median age, 59 years). Women provided information on health an average of 15 years later.
Diet quality in midlife was ascertained using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and Alternate Mediterranean diet scores, averaged from 2 food-frequency questionnaires (1984 to 1986). "Healthy" aging was defined as survival to 70 years or older with maintenance of 4 health domains: no major chronic diseases or major impairments in cognitive or physical function or mental health.
After multivariable adjustment, greater adherence to the AHEI-2010 (upper vs. lower quintiles) in midlife was related to 34% (95% CI, 9% to 66%; P for trend < 0.001) greater odds of healthy versus usual aging. Greater adherence to Alternate Mediterranean diet was related to 46% (CI, 17% to 83%; P for trend = 0.002) greater odds of healthy aging. When the 4 components of healthy aging were analyzed separately, the AHEI-2010 and Alternate Mediterranean diet were significantly associated with greater likelihood of no major limitations in physical function and mental health.
Residual confounding was possible, although many confounding factors were considered. Bias due to complex patterns of measurement error within diet scores cannot be excluded.
Better diet quality at midlife seems to be strongly linked to greater health and well-being in persons surviving to older ages.
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health.
维持老龄化人口的健康和福祉至关重要。
研究中年饮食模式与健康老龄化发生率之间的关系。
横断面观察性研究。
护士健康研究。
10670 名女性，在 1984 年至 1986 年间（中位年龄 59 岁），她们年龄在 50 多岁到 60 多岁之间，且没有重大慢性疾病，且有饮食数据。女性在平均 15 年后提供健康信息。
使用替代健康饮食指数-2010（AHEI-2010）和替代地中海饮食评分来确定中年时期的饮食质量，这两种评分均来自于 2 份食物频率问卷（1984 年至 1986 年）。“健康”老龄化定义为存活至 70 岁或以上，同时保持 4 个健康领域：无重大慢性疾病或认知或身体功能或心理健康的重大损伤。
经过多变量调整后，中年时更严格地遵循 AHEI-2010（最高五分位数与最低五分位数相比）与健康老龄化的几率增加 34%（95%CI，9%至 66%；趋势 P<0.001）相关。更严格地遵循替代地中海饮食与健康老龄化的几率增加 46%（CI，17%至 83%；趋势 P=0.002）相关。当分别分析健康老龄化的 4 个组成部分时，AHEI-2010 和替代地中海饮食与身体功能和心理健康无重大限制的可能性增加显著相关。
可能存在残余混杂，但考虑了许多混杂因素。由于饮食评分中复杂的测量误差模式，不能排除偏差。
中年时期更好的饮食质量似乎与存活至老年的人更健康和更幸福密切相关。
美国国立癌症研究所，美国国立卫生研究院。
