Hunter R H F, López-Gatius F, López-Albors O
Sidney Sussex College, University of Cambridge, England.
Agrotecnio Center, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 2017 Nov;29(12):2301-2304. doi: 10.1071/RD17089.
Since 1980 several reports have indicated that temperatures vary between preovulatory follicles and other ovarian tissues in rabbit, cow, pig and human. However, these observations did not achieve prominence; they were regarded as artefacts due to the use of anaesthetics and open surgery (laparotomy). Recently, without resorting to anaesthesia or surgery, direct measurements of temperature in preovulatory follicles have been performed in the cow by means of a thermistor probe introduced into the antrum under ultrasonic guidance. Such follicles revealed a mean antral (follicular fluid) temperature 0.74°C and 1.54°C cooler than uterine surface and rectal temperatures respectively in ovulating cows, whereas no such temperature differences were detected in non-ovulating cows. Cows are predominantly monovular and preovulatory follicles attain a diameter of 15-22mm or more. These features and the timescale of response to the preovulatory gonadotrophin surge make them a valuable model for the human preovulatory follicle. Temperature gradients are interpreted primarily in a context of final maturation of gametes immediately before the onset of fertilisation. Preovulatory follicular temperature in women could be assessed by a comparable approach and might become a valuable selection guide for oocyte viability.
自1980年以来，有几份报告指出，在兔、牛、猪和人类中，排卵前卵泡与卵巢其他组织之间的温度存在差异。然而，这些观察结果并未受到重视；由于使用了麻醉剂和开腹手术（剖腹术），它们被视为人为现象。最近，在不借助麻醉或手术的情况下，通过在超声引导下将热敏电阻探头插入牛的卵泡腔，对排卵前卵泡的温度进行了直接测量。在排卵的母牛中，这些卵泡的平均卵泡腔（卵泡液）温度分别比子宫表面温度和直肠温度低0.74°C和1.54°C，而在未排卵的母牛中未检测到这种温度差异。母牛主要是单胎的，排卵前卵泡直径可达15 - 22毫米或更大。这些特征以及对排卵前促性腺激素激增的反应时间尺度，使其成为人类排卵前卵泡的宝贵模型。温度梯度主要在受精开始前配子最终成熟的背景下进行解释。女性排卵前卵泡的温度可以通过类似的方法进行评估，并且可能成为卵母细胞活力的有价值的选择指南。
