Rondó P H C, Ferreira R F, Lemos J O, Pereira-Freire J A
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, CEP: 01246-904, Brazil.
Federal University of Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Rua Cícero Eduardo s/n, Bairro Junco, Picos PI, CEP: 64600-000, Brazil.
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2016 Nov 23;3:e31. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2016.26. eCollection 2016.
Even though mental disorders represent a major public health problem for women and respective children, there remains a lack of epidemiological longitudinal studies to assess the psychological status of women throughout pregnancy and later in life. This epidemiological cohort study assessed the relationship between mental disorders of 409 Brazilian women in pregnancy and 5-8 years after delivery.
The women were followed from 1997 to 2000 at 17 health services, and subsequently from 2004 to 2006 at their homes. Mental disorders were investigated by the Perceived Stress Scale-PSS, General Health Questionnaire-GHQ and State-Trait Anxiety Inventories-STAI. The relationship between scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI 5-8 years after delivery and in pregnancy was assessed by multivariate linear regression analysis, controlling for the following confounders: maternal age, education, income, family size, work, marital status and body mass index.
Scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI 5-8 years after delivery were positively associated with scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI in the three trimesters of pregnancy, and inversely associated with maternal age and income (adj. varied from 0.15 to 0.37). PSS, GHQ and STAI scores in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy were positively associated with scores of the PSS, GHQ and STAI in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy (adj. varied from 0.31 to 0.65).
The results of this study reinforce the urgency to integrate mental health screening into routine primary care for pregnant and postpartum women.
尽管精神障碍是女性及其子女面临的一个主要公共卫生问题，但仍缺乏流行病学纵向研究来评估女性在整个孕期及之后的心理状况。这项流行病学队列研究评估了409名巴西女性孕期及产后5至8年精神障碍之间的关系。
这些女性于1997年至2000年在17个医疗服务机构接受随访，随后于2004年至2006年在她们家中接受随访。通过感知压力量表（PSS）、一般健康问卷（GHQ）和状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）调查精神障碍。通过多元线性回归分析评估产后5至8年及孕期PSS、GHQ和STAI得分之间的关系，并控制以下混杂因素：产妇年龄、教育程度、收入、家庭规模、工作、婚姻状况和体重指数。
产后5至8年PSS、GHQ和STAI得分与孕期三个阶段的PSS、GHQ和STAI得分呈正相关，与产妇年龄和收入呈负相关（调整后的β值从0.15到0.37不等）。孕期第三个阶段的PSS、GHQ和STAI得分与孕期第一和第二个阶段的PSS、GHQ和STAI得分呈正相关（调整后的β值从0.31到0.65不等）。
本研究结果强化了将心理健康筛查纳入孕妇和产后妇女常规初级保健的紧迫性。
