Mata Alvaro, Azevedo Helena S, Botto Lorenzo, Gavara Nuria, Su Lei
School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK.
Curr Stem Cell Rep. 2017;3(2):83-97. doi: 10.1007/s40778-017-0081-9. Epub 2017 May 4.
In this review, we provide a general overview of recent bioengineering breakthroughs and enabling tools that are transforming the field of regenerative medicine (RM). We focus on five key areas that are evolving and increasingly interacting including mechanobiology, biomaterials and scaffolds, intracellular delivery strategies, imaging techniques, and computational and mathematical modeling.
Mechanobiology plays an increasingly important role in tissue regeneration and design of therapies. This knowledge is aiding the design of more precise and effective biomaterials and scaffolds. Likewise, this enhanced precision is enabling ways to communicate with and stimulate cells down to their genome. Novel imaging technologies are permitting visualization and monitoring of all these events with increasing resolution from the research stages up to the clinic. Finally, algorithmic mining of data and soft matter physics and engineering are creating growing opportunities to predict biological scenarios, device performance, and therapeutic outcomes.
We have found that the development of these areas is not only leading to revolutionary technological advances but also enabling a conceptual leap focused on targeting regenerative strategies in a holistic manner. This approach is bringing us ever more closer to the reality of personalized and precise RM.
在本综述中，我们概述了近期正在改变再生医学（RM）领域的生物工程突破和使能工具。我们重点关注正在发展且相互作用日益增加的五个关键领域，包括力学生物学、生物材料和支架、细胞内递送策略、成像技术以及计算和数学建模。
力学生物学在组织再生和治疗设计中发挥着越来越重要的作用。这一知识有助于设计更精确、有效的生物材料和支架。同样，这种更高的精度使得能够与细胞乃至其基因组进行通信并刺激细胞。新型成像技术能够以越来越高的分辨率对从研究阶段到临床阶段的所有这些事件进行可视化和监测。最后，数据的算法挖掘以及软物质物理和工程学正在为预测生物学场景、设备性能和治疗结果创造越来越多的机会。
我们发现这些领域的发展不仅带来了革命性的技术进步，还促成了一种概念上的飞跃，即以整体方式靶向再生策略。这种方法使我们越来越接近个性化和精确再生医学的现实。
