Ahlin Jesper
Division of Philosophy, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Brinellvägen 32, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
Med Health Care Philos. 2018 Mar;21(1):43-50. doi: 10.1007/s11019-017-9783-0.
It is sometimes argued that autonomous decision-making requires that the decision-maker's desires are authentic, i.e., "genuine," "truly her own," "not out of character," or similar. In this article, it is argued that a method to reliably determine the authenticity (or inauthenticity) of a desire cannot be developed. A taxonomy of characteristics displayed by different theories of authenticity is introduced and applied to evaluate such theories categorically, in contrast to the prior approach of treating them individually. The conclusion is drawn that, in practice, the authenticity of desires cannot be reliably determined. It is suggested that authenticity should therefore not be employed in informed consent practices in healthcare.
有时有人认为，自主决策要求决策者的欲望是真实的，即 “真诚的”、“真正属于她自己的”、“符合其性格的” 或类似的。在本文中，有人认为无法开发出一种可靠地确定欲望真实性（或非真实性）的方法。本文引入了不同真实性理论所表现出的特征分类法，并将其应用于对这些理论进行分类评估，这与之前单独对待它们的方法形成对比。得出的结论是，在实践中，欲望的真实性无法可靠地确定。因此建议在医疗保健的知情同意实践中不应采用真实性这一概念。
