Zajdel Alicja, Kałucka Magdalena, Kokoszka-Mikołaj Edyta, Wilczok Adam
Medical University of Silesia, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Department of Biopharmacy, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2017;64(2):365-369. doi: 10.18388/abp.2016_1488. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
Induced osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may provide an important tool for bone injuries treatment. Human umbilical cord and adipose tissue are routinely discarded as clinical waste and may be used as noncontroversial MSCs sources. It still remains to be verified which source of MSCs is the most suitable for bone regeneration. The aim of this research was to investigate the osteogenic potential of human MSCs derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) and Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord (WJ-MSCs) differentiated under the same conditions. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was detected and quantified by alizarin red S (ARS) staining for calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteocalcin (OC) secretion measurements. Under osteogenic conditions, after 21 days of differentiation, the measured ALP activity and calcium deposition were significantly higher in the AT-MSCs than in the WJ-MSCs, while the OPG and OC secretion were higher in the WJ-MSCs vs. AT-MSCs. Low concentrations of OPG and high levels of OC in AT-MSCs and WJ-MSCs, prove that these cells reached an advanced stage of the osteogenic differentiation. The levels of OC secreted by AT-MSCs were lower than by WJ-MSCs. Both cell types, AT-MSCs and WJ-MSCs possess a potential to differentiate towards the osteogenic lineage. The observed differences in the levels of osteogenic markers suggest that after 21-days of osteogenic differentiation, the AT-MSCs might have reached a more advanced stage of differentiation than WJ-MSCs.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）的诱导成骨作用可能为骨损伤治疗提供重要工具。人脐带和脂肪组织通常作为临床废弃物被丢弃，可作为无争议的间充质干细胞来源。哪种间充质干细胞来源最适合骨再生仍有待验证。本研究的目的是调查在相同条件下分化的源自脂肪组织的人间充质干细胞（AT-MSCs）和人脐带华通氏胶间充质干细胞（WJ-MSCs）的成骨潜力。通过茜素红S（ARS）染色检测钙沉积、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性、骨保护素（OPG）和骨钙素（OC）分泌测量来检测和量化间充质干细胞的成骨分化。在成骨条件下，分化21天后，AT-MSCs中测得的ALP活性和钙沉积显著高于WJ-MSCs，而WJ-MSCs中的OPG和OC分泌高于AT-MSCs。AT-MSCs和WJ-MSCs中低浓度的OPG和高水平的OC证明这些细胞达到了成骨分化的晚期阶段。AT-MSCs分泌的OC水平低于WJ-MSCs。AT-MSCs和WJ-MSCs这两种细胞类型都具有向成骨谱系分化的潜力。观察到的成骨标志物水平差异表明，在成骨分化21天后，AT-MSCs可能比WJ-MSCs达到了更高级的分化阶段。
