Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research and Evaluation, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, 1820 Richmond Rd SW, Calgary, AB T2T 5C7, Canada.
Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research and Evaluation, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, 1820 Richmond Rd SW, Calgary, AB T2T 5C7, Canada.
Prev Med. 2017 Aug;101:178-187. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.009. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
The objective of this study was to assess diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 Canada (HEI-2005-Canada) and its association with risk of cancer and chronic disease in a sample of Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) participants. Food frequency questionnaires completed by 25,169 participants (38% men; mean age 50.3 (9.2)) enrolled between 2000 and 2008 were used to calculate HEI-2005-Canada scores. Data from a subset of participants (n=10,735) who reported no chronic disease at enrollment were used to investigate the association between HEI-2005-Canada score and development of self-reported chronic disease at follow-up (2008). Participants were divided into HEI-2005-Canada score quartiles. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer and chronic disease incidence. In this cohort, mean HEI-2005-Canada scores for men and women were 50.9 and 55.5 (maximum range 0-100), respectively. In men, higher HEI-2005-Canada score (Q4 vs. Q1) was associated with lower cancer risk (HR (95% CI) 0.63 (0.49-0.83)) over the course of follow-up (mean (SD)=10.4 (2.3) years); the same was not observed in women. In contrast, higher overall HEI-2005-Canada score (Q4 vs. Q1) was associated with lower risk of self-reported chronic disease (0.85 (0.75-0.97)) in both men and women over follow-up (4.2 (2.3) years). In conclusion, in this cohort better diet quality was associated with a lower risk of cancer in men and lower risk of chronic disease in both sexes. Future studies with longer follow-up and repeated measures of diet may be helpful to elucidate sex-specific associations between dietary quality and disease outcomes.
本研究旨在使用加拿大 2005 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2005-Canada）评估饮食质量，并在艾伯塔省明日计划（ATP）参与者样本中研究其与癌症和慢性病风险的关系。共纳入 2000 年至 2008 年间登记的 25169 名参与者（38%为男性；平均年龄 50.3[9.2]岁），使用食物频率问卷计算 HEI-2005-Canada 评分。在没有慢性病的参与者亚组（n=10735）中，使用数据来研究 HEI-2005-Canada 评分与随访（2008 年）期间报告的慢性病发生之间的关系。参与者被分为 HEI-2005-Canada 评分四分位组。使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计癌症和慢性病发病率的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。在该队列中，男性和女性的平均 HEI-2005-Canada 评分分别为 50.9 和 55.5（最高范围 0-100）。在男性中，较高的 HEI-2005-Canada 评分（Q4 与 Q1 相比）与随访期间较低的癌症风险相关（HR（95%CI）0.63（0.49-0.83））（平均（SD）=10.4（2.3）年）；在女性中未观察到相同的结果。相反，在男性和女性中，较高的整体 HEI-2005-Canada 评分（Q4 与 Q1 相比）与随访期间报告的慢性病风险降低相关（0.85（0.75-0.97））（4.2（2.3）年）。总之，在该队列中，更好的饮食质量与男性的癌症风险降低以及两性的慢性病风险降低相关。未来具有更长随访时间和饮食重复测量的研究可能有助于阐明饮食质量与疾病结局之间的性别特异性关系。
