Parth Karoline, Datz Felicitas, Seidman Charles, Löffler-Stastka Henriette
Department for Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Austria.
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Bull Menninger Clin. 2017 Spring;81(2):167-211. doi: 10.1521/bumc.2017.81.2.167.
Originally a psychodynamic concept, the therapeutic relationship (also therapeutic alliance, helping alliance or simply alliance) has become a pan-theoretical model for the professional relationship between a therapist and his or her client (Kivlighan, 1995). With the development of this concept in the latter half of the 20th century, psychotherapeutic theory and practice saw a paradigm shift away from strict adherence to technique with little room for responsive, individual behavior from the therapist and toward the "authentic" human relationship at the core of therapy. This meant that more consideration was given to the idea of mutual influence from patient and therapist to the success of therapy (Safran & Muran, 2006). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the complex and shifting research on the therapeutic relationship to promote a greater understanding of the concept.
治疗关系最初是一个精神动力学概念，如今已成为治疗师与来访者之间专业关系的泛理论模型（也称为治疗联盟、帮助联盟或简称为联盟）（基夫利汉，1995年）。随着这一概念在20世纪后半叶的发展，心理治疗理论与实践发生了范式转变，从严格遵循几乎没有治疗师做出反应性、个体行为空间的技术，转向以治疗核心的“真实”人际关系。这意味着更多地考虑患者与治疗师之间的相互影响对治疗成功的作用（萨夫兰和穆兰，2006年）。本文旨在全面概述关于治疗关系的复杂且不断变化的研究，以促进对这一概念的更深入理解。
