Piccoli R, Melck D, Spagnuolo A, Vescia S, Zanetti L
Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol. 1985;80(2):237-40. doi: 10.1016/0742-8413(85)90048-9.
A study of the presence of opioids in invertebrates was carried out on 11 species of marine organisms, ranging from sponges to tunicates. Delipidized acid-acetone extracts from whole organisms or dissected organs were assayed by receptor binding assays and radioimmuno assays. The extracts from all species tested were found to contain substances capable of competing in both assays with opioid peptides.
对11种海洋生物（从海绵动物到被囊动物）进行了一项关于无脊椎动物体内阿片类物质存在情况的研究。通过受体结合测定法和放射免疫测定法对全生物体或解剖器官的脱脂酸 - 丙酮提取物进行检测。结果发现，所有受试物种的提取物中均含有能够在这两种测定法中与阿片肽竞争的物质。
