Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea.
ChemSusChem. 2017 Aug 10;10(15):3001-3018. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201700633. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
In recent years, bismuth-based nanomaterials have drawn considerable interest as potential candidates for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting owing to their narrow band gaps, nontoxicity, and low costs. The unique electronic structure of bismuth-based materials with a well-dispersed valence band comprising Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals offers a suitable band gap to harvest visible light. This Review presents significant advancements in exploiting bismuth-based nanomaterials for solar water splitting. An overview of the different strategies employed and the new ideas adopted to improve the PEC performance of bismuth-based nanomaterials are discussed. Morphology control, the construction of heterojunctions, doping, and co-catalyst loading are several approaches that are implemented to improve the efficiency of solar water splitting. Key issues are identified and guidelines are suggested to rationalize the design of efficient bismuth-based materials for sunlight-driven water splitting.
近年来，基于铋的纳米材料因其窄带隙、无毒和低成本而作为光电化学（PEC）水分解的潜在候选材料引起了相当大的关注。铋基材料具有独特的电子结构，其弥散的价带由 Bi6s 和 O2p 轨道组成，提供了合适的带隙以捕获可见光。本综述介绍了利用基于铋的纳米材料进行太阳能水分解的重要进展。讨论了不同策略的应用和为提高基于铋的纳米材料的 PEC 性能而采用的新想法。形态控制、异质结的构建、掺杂和共催化剂负载是几种旨在提高太阳能水分解效率的方法。确定了关键问题，并提出了建议，以合理化设计用于阳光驱动水分解的高效基于铋的材料。
