Pérez-Rodrigo Carmen, Gianzo-Citores Marta, Gil Ángel, González-Gross Marcela, Ortega Rosa M, Serra-Majem Lluis, Varela-Moreiras Gregorio, Aranceta-Bartrina Javier
FIDEC Foundation, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Gurtubay s/n, 48010 Bilbao, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bo Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2017 Jun 14;9(6):606. doi: 10.3390/nu9060606.
Limited knowledge is available on lifestyle patterns in Spanish adults. We investigated dietary patterns and possible meaningful clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep time, and smoking in Spanish adults aged 18-64 years and their association with obesity. Analysis was based on a subsample ( = 1617) of the cross-sectional ANIBES study in Spain. We performed exploratory factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis of dietary patterns, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep time, and smoking. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between the cluster solutions and obesity. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns, "", "", "" and "". Dietary patterns, physical activity behaviors, sedentary behaviors, sleep time, and smoking in Spanish adults aggregated into three different clusters of lifestyle patterns: "", "" and "". A higher proportion of people aged 18-30 years was classified into the "". The prevalence odds ratio for obesity in men in the "" was significantly lower compared to those in the "". Those behavior patterns are helpful to identify specific issues in population subgroups and inform intervention strategies. The findings in this study underline the importance of designing and implementing interventions that address multiple health risk practices, considering lifestyle patterns and associated determinants.
关于西班牙成年人的生活方式模式，我们所知有限。我们调查了18至64岁西班牙成年人的饮食模式以及体育活动、久坐行为、睡眠时间和吸烟情况可能存在的有意义聚类，及其与肥胖的关联。分析基于西班牙ANIBES横断面研究的一个子样本（n = 1617）。我们对饮食模式、体育活动、久坐行为、睡眠时间和吸烟情况进行了探索性因子分析及后续聚类分析。采用逻辑回归分析来探究聚类结果与肥胖之间的关联。因子分析确定了四种饮食模式，即“……”、“……”、“……”和“……”。西班牙成年人的饮食模式、体育活动行为、久坐行为、睡眠时间和吸烟情况聚合成三种不同的生活方式模式聚类：“……”、“……”和“……”。18至30岁人群中较高比例被归类到“……”聚类中。“……”聚类中男性肥胖的患病率比值比显著低于“……”聚类中的男性。这些行为模式有助于识别亚人群中的特定问题，并为干预策略提供信息。本研究结果强调了设计和实施针对多种健康风险行为的干预措施的重要性，同时要考虑生活方式模式及其相关决定因素。
