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PAR蛋白在受精卵极化过程中调节维持期肌球蛋白动力学。

PAR proteins regulate maintenance-phase myosin dynamics during zygote polarization.

作者信息

Small Lawrence E, Dawes Adriana T

机构信息

Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.

Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210

出版信息

Mol Biol Cell. 2017 Aug 1;28(16):2220-2231. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E16-04-0263. Epub 2017 Jun 14.

DOI:10.1091/mbc.E16-04-0263
PMID:28615321
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5531737/
Abstract

Establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in the zygote requires two different processes: mechanical activity of the actin-myosin cortex and biochemical activity of partitioning-defective (PAR) proteins. Here we analyze how PARs regulate the behavior of the cortical motor protein nonmuscle myosin (NMY-2) to complement recent efforts that investigate how PARs regulate the Rho GTPase CDC-42, which in turn regulates the actin-myosin cortex. We find that PAR-3 and PAR-6 concentrate CDC-42-dependent NMY-2 in the anterior cortex, whereas PAR-2 inhibits CDC-42-dependent NMY-2 in the posterior domain by inhibiting PAR-3 and PAR-6. In addition, we find that PAR-1 and PAR-3 are necessary for inhibiting movement of NMY-2 across the cortex. PAR-1 protects NMY-2 from being moved across the cortex by forces likely originating in the cytoplasm. Meanwhile, PAR-3 stabilizes NMY-2 against PAR-2 and PAR-6 dynamics on the cortex. We find that PAR signaling fulfills two roles: localizing NMY-2 to the anterior cortex and preventing displacement of the polarized cortical actin-myosin network.

摘要

合子前后极性的建立需要两个不同的过程

肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白皮质的机械活性和分区缺陷（PAR）蛋白的生化活性。在这里，我们分析了PARs如何调节皮质运动蛋白非肌肉肌球蛋白（NMY-2）的行为，以补充最近关于PARs如何调节Rho GTPase CDC-42的研究，而CDC-42反过来又调节肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白皮质。我们发现PAR-3和PAR-6将依赖CDC-42的NMY-2集中在前皮质，而PAR-2通过抑制PAR-3和PAR-6在后区抑制依赖CDC-42的NMY-2。此外，我们发现PAR-1和PAR-3对于抑制NMY-2在皮质上的移动是必要的。PAR-1保护NMY-2不被可能起源于细胞质的力移动穿过皮质。同时，PAR-3使NMY-2在皮质上免受PAR-2和PAR-6动态变化的影响。我们发现PAR信号发挥两个作用：将NMY-2定位到前皮质，并防止极化的皮质肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白网络移位。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/89e1fc1445b1/2220fig9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/6b9df5bf5995/2220fig1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/5e72f545b63f/2220fig2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/1dd210c0a72e/2220fig3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/de5eb0162271/2220fig4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/0b20b0f158e0/2220fig5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/2becbc3903e6/2220fig6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/1b486e0b0621/2220fig7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/b7f1312d8232/2220fig8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/89e1fc1445b1/2220fig9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/6b9df5bf5995/2220fig1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/5e72f545b63f/2220fig2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/1dd210c0a72e/2220fig3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/de5eb0162271/2220fig4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/0b20b0f158e0/2220fig5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/2becbc3903e6/2220fig6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/1b486e0b0621/2220fig7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/b7f1312d8232/2220fig8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff94/5531737/89e1fc1445b1/2220fig9.jpg

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