Uter Wolfgang, Fießler Cornelia, Gefeller Olaf, Pfahlberg Annette
Institut für Medizininformatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 4-6, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2017 Aug;60(8):856-864. doi: 10.1007/s00103-017-2570-5.
The dissemination of knowledge on risk factors and preventive strategies is a core element of skin cancer prevention. However, little is known about the information channels utilised by the population for this purpose.
Descriptive analysis of information sources used by parents of 3‑ to 6‑year-old children as a particularly relevant target group and analysis of association patterns between socio-demographic factors, types of information sources and acquired knowledge.
A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire with an online option between October 2011 and February 2012 with 3129 families who had at least one child visiting a kindergarten in the county of Erlangen-Höchstadt, the city of Erlangen or the city of Ansbach (Bavaria, Germany), with an 87.5% response rate on the level of kindergartens and 56.5% on the level of observational units (families).
There were few structural differences between study regions. The internet was used by only 13.3% of participants. A positive association was found between the use of multiple information sources and relevant knowledge and, partly, protective behaviour. A negative association was identified between the use of the internet and knowledge. In contrast, the use of print media or audio-visual or personal channels of information was positively associated with knowledge.
Preventive efforts should be increased that target parts of the population with lower formal education. The internet does not seem to play an important role and may even adversely affect knowledge, possibly due to unvalidated and misleading information.
传播有关风险因素和预防策略的知识是皮肤癌预防的核心要素。然而，对于人群为此目的所使用的信息渠道却知之甚少。
对3至6岁儿童的父母这一特别相关的目标群体所使用的信息来源进行描述性分析，并分析社会人口统计学因素、信息来源类型与所获知识之间的关联模式。
2011年10月至2012年2月期间，采用自填式问卷进行了一项横断面研究，该问卷有在线选项，调查对象为在埃尔朗根 - 霍赫施塔特县、埃尔朗根市或安斯巴赫市（德国巴伐利亚州）至少有一个孩子在幼儿园就读的3129个家庭，幼儿园层面的回复率为87.5%，观察单位（家庭）层面的回复率为56.5%。
研究区域之间几乎没有结构差异。只有13.3%的参与者使用互联网。发现使用多种信息来源与相关知识以及部分保护行为之间存在正相关。使用互联网与知识之间存在负相关。相比之下，使用印刷媒体或视听或个人信息渠道与知识呈正相关。
应加大针对受正规教育程度较低人群的预防力度。互联网似乎并未发挥重要作用，甚至可能对知识产生不利影响，这可能是由于未经验证和误导性的信息所致。
