社区居住老年人营养干预中的健康促进理论：一项系统综述
Health-promotion theories in nutritional interventions for community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review.
作者信息
Raffaele Barbara, Matarese Maria, Alvaro Rosaria, De Marinis Maria Grazia
机构信息
Scienze Infermieristiche, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Unità di Ricerca in Scienze Infermieristiche, Facoltà Dipartimentale di Medicina, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2017 Apr-Jun;53(2):146-151. doi: 10.4415/ANN_17_02_11.
OBJECTIVE
To identify theories applied in interventions promoting healthy nutrition among community-dwelling older adults and determine the efficacy of theories in changing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and ERIC databases were searched for English articles from January 1990 to December 2015. Mono or multicomponent randomized controlled trial studies were included, whereas research on nutritional interventions related to acute or chronic diseases were excluded.
RESULTS
Eight articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. Only three articles referred explicitly to health promotion theories. Nutritional programs varied in terms of contents, outcomes, lengths of interventions and follow-up. Pooling the results and identifying the most effective theories were therefore impossible.
CONCLUSIONS
Although researchers and practitioners recognize the significance of theoretical models in guiding the health-promoting interventions, referring to a theoretical model for such interventions is still relatively recent.
目的
识别应用于促进社区居住老年人健康营养干预措施中的理论，并确定这些理论在改变知识、态度和行为方面的效果。
材料与方法
检索1990年1月至2015年12月期间PubMed、PsycINFO、Embase和ERIC数据库中的英文文章。纳入单组分或多组分随机对照试验研究，排除与急性或慢性疾病相关的营养干预研究。
结果
8篇文章符合纳入标准。只有3篇文章明确提及健康促进理论。营养项目在内容、结果、干预时长和随访方面各不相同。因此，汇总结果并确定最有效的理论是不可能的。
结论
尽管研究人员和从业者认识到理论模型在指导健康促进干预措施方面的重要性，但在这类干预措施中参考理论模型仍相对较新。
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