Pedrero María, Campuzano Susana, Pingarrón José M
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Analítica, E-28040, Madrid, Spain.
J AOAC Int. 2017 Jul 1;100(4):950-961. doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.17-0169. Epub 2017 Jun 16.
The determination of organic and inorganic environmental and food pollutants is a key matter of concern in analytical chemistry due to their effects as a serious threat to human health. Focusing on this issue, several methodologies involving the use of nanostructured electrochemical platforms have been recently reported in the literature. Among these methods, those employing the use of quantum dots (QDs) stand out because of features such as signal amplification, good reproducibility and selectivity, and the possibility for multiplexed detection, and because they preserve the outstanding characteristics of electrochemical methodologies with respect to simplicity, ease-of-use, and cost-effective instrumentation. This review describes recent electrochemical strategies, in which design QDs play a key role, for the determination of pollutants in food and environmental samples. The particular role of QDs in the reported methodologies, their preparation, and the electrochemical platform design, as well as the advantages that QDs provide in the analysis of target analytes, are critically discussed.
有机和无机环境及食品污染物的测定是分析化学中一个关键的关注问题，因为它们对人类健康构成严重威胁。围绕这一问题，文献中最近报道了几种涉及使用纳米结构电化学平台的方法。在这些方法中，使用量子点（QDs）的方法脱颖而出，这是由于其具有信号放大、良好的重现性和选择性以及多重检测的可能性等特点，并且它们保留了电化学方法在简单性、易用性和仪器成本效益方面的突出特性。本综述描述了最近的电化学策略，其中设计量子点在食品和环境样品中污染物的测定中起着关键作用。批判性地讨论了量子点在所报道方法中的特殊作用、它们的制备、电化学平台设计以及量子点在目标分析物分析中所提供的优势。
