Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Straße 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; at the Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Center for Microbiology, Leuven 3000, Belgium; and at the Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Research Group of Microbiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2017 Oct;15(10):630-638. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2017.58. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
The composition of the intestinal microbiota varies among individuals and throughout development, and is dependent on host and environmental factors. However, although the microbiota is constantly exposed to environmental challenges, its composition and function in an individual are stable against perturbations, as microbial communities are resilient and resistant to change. The maintenance of a beneficial microbiota requires a homeostatic equilibrium within microbial communities, and also between the microorganisms and the intestinal interface of the host. The resilience of the healthy microbiota protects us from dysbiosis-related diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or metabolic disorder. By contrast, a resilient dysbiotic microbiota may cause disease. In this Opinion article, we propose that microbial resilience has a key role in health and disease. We will discuss the concepts and mechanisms of microbial resilience against dietary, antibiotic or bacteriotherapy-induced perturbations and the implications for human health.
肠道微生物群的组成在个体之间和整个发育过程中都有所不同，并且取决于宿主和环境因素。然而，尽管微生物群不断受到环境挑战的影响，但它在个体中的组成和功能是稳定的，不受干扰，因为微生物群落具有弹性，不易改变。有益微生物群的维持需要微生物群落内部以及微生物和宿主肠道界面之间的体内平衡。健康微生物群的弹性使我们免受与菌群失调相关的疾病的影响，如炎症性肠病（IBD）或代谢紊乱。相比之下，有弹性的失调微生物群可能会导致疾病。在这篇观点文章中，我们提出微生物的弹性在健康和疾病中起着关键作用。我们将讨论微生物对饮食、抗生素或细菌治疗引起的扰动的弹性的概念和机制，以及其对人类健康的影响。
