Tarburton J P, Metcalf W K
Toxicology. 1985 Jul;36(1):15-21. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(85)90003-4.
The effect of amyl nitrite on the erythrocytes of adult and cord hemoglobin was examined in vitro. This study revealed that amyl nitrite caused oxyhemoglobin to become oxidized to methemoglobin wherein a rectangular hyperbolic curve was generated as the reaction progressed. This curve consisted of a reactionary log phase, and a terminal asymptotic phase only, with no inductionary lag phase. A comparative study of human cord blood oxidation times and adult blood was undertaken. It was revealed that cord blood erythrocytes were oxidized by amyl nitrite at a 5-6-fold greater rate than adult blood erythrocytes. Based on an independent Student's t-test, the time taken for cord blood erythrocytes to undergo oxidation was significantly shorter (P less than 0.05) than adult controls. This greatly enhanced reactivity of cord blood erythrocytes parallels earlier findings when sodium nitrite was used instead of amyl nitrite. However, this difference defies a simple explanation and must be attributed to many factors which may include pH, structural differences, and solubility phenomenon.
在体外研究了亚硝酸异戊酯对成人及脐带血红蛋白红细胞的影响。该研究表明，亚硝酸异戊酯使氧合血红蛋白氧化为高铁血红蛋白，随着反应进行生成一条矩形双曲线。这条曲线仅由一个反应对数期和一个终末渐近期组成，没有诱导延迟期。对人脐带血和成人血液的氧化时间进行了比较研究。结果显示，亚硝酸异戊酯氧化脐带血红细胞的速率比成人血液红细胞快5至6倍。基于独立样本t检验，脐带血红细胞发生氧化所需的时间明显短于成人对照组（P小于0.05）。当使用亚硝酸钠而非亚硝酸异戊酯时，脐带血红细胞这种大大增强的反应性与早期研究结果相似。然而，这种差异难以简单解释，必定归因于许多因素，可能包括pH值、结构差异和溶解性现象。
