Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2017 Jun 18;49(3):451-454.
To explore the influence of awareness on the behaviors of Chinese adults with diabetes mellitus, so as to provide scientific evidence for developing relevant policies and strategies in the prevention and control of diabetes.
Data from the 2013 China Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance were used, covering 297 surveillance counties (districts). The variables involved in this cross-sectional study included: the prevalence of diabetes, the awareness situation, demographic characteristics, behaviors, and other information. The study used descriptive analysis to analyze diabetes status and chi-square test to determine the difference in the distribution of behaviors between patients who were aware of their disease and those who were not. Logistic analysis was performed to examine the influence of diabetes awareness on patients' behaviors with adjustment for potential confounders.
A total of 175 670 subjects were involved. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes in China in 2013 was 3.9%, while the awareness rate was 38.6%. The percentage of current smokers or current drinkers among the patients who were aware of their disease (20.2%, 25.0%) was less than that among the patients who were not aware (25.8%, 35.0%). The proportion of those who often exercised among the patients who were aware of their disease (83.4%) was higher than that among the patients who were not aware (79.0%). There was slightly higher proportion of the subjects who had insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits or over intake of red meat among the patients who were aware of their disease (49.4%, 28.0%) than that among the patients who were not aware (48.4%, 26.1%). After controlling urban and rural areas, regions, age, gender, nationality, marital status, educational level, occupation, and income factors, the possibility of current smoking (OR=0.79) or drinking (OR=0.58) among the patients who were aware of their disease was lower than among those who were not; the possibility of more than 150-minute physical activity per week (OR=1.30) among the patients who were aware of their disease was higher than among those who were not.
The awareness rate of diabetes in China still remains low. Kno-wing whether they have diabetes or not has an effect on individual choice of behaviors, including smoking, drinking and physical activities. Therefore, health education and health examination for diabetes should be further expanded with wide cooperation from all relevant departments, thus forming an integrated environment involving individuals, health systems and socioeconomic policies to prevent and control diabetes.
探讨知晓情况对中国成年糖尿病患者行为的影响，为制定糖尿病防控相关政策和策略提供科学依据。
使用2013年中国慢性病危险因素监测数据，涵盖297个监测县（区）。本横断面研究涉及的变量包括：糖尿病患病率、知晓情况、人口统计学特征、行为及其他信息。研究采用描述性分析来分析糖尿病状况，并使用卡方检验来确定知晓病情的患者与不知晓病情的患者在行为分布上的差异。进行Logistic分析以检验糖尿病知晓情况对患者行为的影响，并对潜在混杂因素进行校正。
共纳入175670名受试者。2013年中国自我报告的糖尿病患病率为3.9%，知晓率为38.6%。知晓病情的患者中当前吸烟者或当前饮酒者的比例（20.2%，25.0%）低于不知晓病情的患者（25.8%，35.0%）。知晓病情的患者中经常锻炼者的比例（83.4%）高于不知晓病情的患者（79.0%）。知晓病情的患者中蔬菜和水果摄入量不足或红肉摄入量过多的受试者比例（49.4%，28.0%）略高于不知晓病情的患者（48.4%，26.1%）。在控制城乡、地区、年龄、性别、民族、婚姻状况、教育水平、职业和收入因素后，知晓病情的患者当前吸烟（OR=0.79）或饮酒（OR=0.58）的可能性低于不知晓病情的患者；知晓病情的患者每周进行超过150分钟体育活动的可能性（OR=1.30）高于不知晓病情的患者。
中国糖尿病知晓率仍然较低。知晓自己是否患有糖尿病会影响个体的行为选择，包括吸烟、饮酒和体育活动。因此，应在各相关部门的广泛合作下进一步扩大糖尿病健康教育和健康检查，从而形成一个涉及个人、卫生系统和社会经济政策的综合环境来防控糖尿病。
