Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
Department of Public Health, Policy & Systems, Institute of Population Health, Whelan Building, Quadrangle, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GB, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 4;19(5):2989. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19052989.
China is facing the challenges of the increasing burden of diabetes and obesity; the prevalence and numbers of diabetes patients with obesity or overweight are still unclear. Nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used to estimate the prevalence of diabetes patients with elevated BMI, the recommendation rate for antidiabetic medication, the blood glucose control rate, and the corresponding population size. The prevalence of diabetes patients with elevated BMI was 9.18% (95% CI: 7.88, 10.68; representing 31.54 million) in China. More than half of people with diabetes had elevated BMI (overweight or obesity). Among the participants who were not taking antidiabetic medication, 26.15% (95% CI: 18.00, 36.36; representing 3.79 million) were recommended for antidiabetic medication by the 2020 CDS guideline. There were 24.62% (95% CI: 16.88, 34.45; representing 3.64 million) patients, representing 11.13 (95% CI: 9.86, 12.41) million people, with diabetes combined with elevated BMI, taking antidiabetic medication, and still above the goal blood glucose. Our results indicate that diabetes combined with elevated BMI has become a major public health problem in China in people over 45 years of age. Moreover, the prevalence and population size of women are higher than those of men, and the prevalence of people over 65 years old is slightly lower than that of elderly people aged 45-65. The recommended rate of antidiabetic medication and the control rate of blood glucose were high, and prevention and treatment strategies for diabetes combined with elevated BMI are needed.
中国面临着糖尿病和肥胖负担不断增加的挑战；肥胖或超重的糖尿病患者的患病率和人数尚不清楚。本研究使用中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的全国代表性数据来估计中国糖尿病患者中 BMI 升高者的比例、抗糖尿病药物的推荐率、血糖控制率以及相应的人口规模。中国 BMI 升高的糖尿病患者比例为 9.18%（95%CI：7.88，10.68；代表 3154 万人）。超过一半的糖尿病患者 BMI 升高（超重或肥胖）。在未服用抗糖尿病药物的参与者中，根据 2020 年 CDS 指南，有 26.15%（95%CI：18.00，36.36；代表 379 万人）被建议服用抗糖尿病药物。有 24.62%（95%CI：16.88，34.45；代表 364 万人）患者，占 11.13%（95%CI：9.86，12.41），即 1241 万人的糖尿病合并 BMI 升高，服用抗糖尿病药物，血糖仍高于目标值。我们的研究结果表明，45 岁以上人群中，糖尿病合并 BMI 升高已成为中国的一个主要公共卫生问题。此外，女性的患病率和人口规模高于男性，65 岁以上人群的患病率略低于 45-65 岁的老年人。抗糖尿病药物的推荐率和血糖控制率较高，需要针对糖尿病合并 BMI 升高制定预防和治疗策略。
