Buchsbaum M S, Hazlett E, Sicotte N, Stein M, Wu J, Zetin M
Biol Psychiatry. 1985 Aug;20(8):832-42. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(85)90208-2.
The regional cerebral effects of an anxiolytic (clorazepate) in 20 patients with generalized anxiety disorder were assessed using 16-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectral estimate maps of the left hemisphere. Patients were studied with double-blind random assignment to placebo or drug and were assessed at baseline, day 7, and day 14 with EEG and Hamilton Anxiety Ratings. Ten age- and sex-matched normal controls were also tested. Hamilton Anxiety Ratings were decreased significantly more in the drug group than in the placebo group. Topographic maps of EEG activity revealed decreases in occipital alpha and parietal delta, together with increases in posterior frontal (central EEG leads) and parietal beta. Decreases in delta are consistent with a lack of sedation; the reciprocal beta increases in parietal cortex are similarly consistent. This pattern of regional EEG changes in the direction of alert attentiveness, together with individual differences, observed in frontal/parietal and occipital alpha activity, suggests the importance of at least these two cortical regions for anxiolytic action. Differences between patients with generalized anxiety disorder and normals were restricted to the occipital and temporal regions. These results suggest the importance of multilead recording in assessing EEG correlates of drug action.
使用左半球16通道脑电图（EEG）功率谱估计图，评估了一种抗焦虑药（氯氮卓）对20例广泛性焦虑症患者的脑区影响。患者通过双盲随机分配接受安慰剂或药物治疗，并在基线、第7天和第14天用脑电图和汉密尔顿焦虑量表进行评估。还测试了10名年龄和性别匹配的正常对照者。药物组的汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分显著低于安慰剂组。脑电图活动地形图显示枕叶α波和顶叶δ波减少，同时额后（中央脑电图导联）和顶叶β波增加。δ波减少与无镇静作用一致；顶叶皮质中相应的β波增加情况类似。这种脑区脑电图变化模式朝着警觉注意力方向，以及在额叶/顶叶和枕叶α活动中观察到的个体差异，表明至少这两个皮质区域对于抗焦虑作用很重要。广泛性焦虑症患者与正常人之间的差异仅限于枕叶和颞叶区域。这些结果表明多导联记录在评估药物作用的脑电图相关性方面很重要。
