Demilew Yeshalem Mulugeta, Tafere Tadese Ejigu, Abitew Dereje Berhanu
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2017 Jun 14;12:26. doi: 10.1186/s13006-017-0117-x. eCollection 2017.
Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is essential to ensure the health, growth and development of children. However, infant feeding practice is suboptimal in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. The slum area is a heavily populated urban informal settlement characterized by substandard housing, squalor, with a lack of reliable sanitation services, supply of clean water, reliable electricity, law enforcement and other basic services. Residents of the slum area were poor and less educated. This further compromises infant feeding practice. The aim of this study was to assess infant and young child feeding practice among mothers with 0-24 month old children in the study area.
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 mothers with 0-24 month old children from June 01-30 / 2016. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Infant and young child feeding practice was assessed using the fifteen World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria.
The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice was 113 (84%). Sixty (15%) mothers gave prelacteal feeds and, 96 (23%) mothers used a bottle to feed their index child. Appropriate complementary feeding practice was only 20 (7%). Thirty nine out of forty mothers introduced complementary food timely, 131 (47%) of mothers gave the minimum meal frequency, and 20 (7%) children took the minimum food diversity and acceptable diet. Independent predictors for complementary feeding practice were having secondary and above education of the mother, receiving postnatal care, possession of radio and giving birth at hospital.
In this study infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice was poor. Therefore, there is a need for strengthening the promotion on IYCF practice during postnatal care and using mass media to giving emphasis for optimal complementary feeding practices, especially for mothers with a lower educational status.
婴幼儿时期充足的营养对于确保儿童的健康、生长和发育至关重要。然而，在埃塞俄比亚的巴赫达尔市，婴儿喂养方式并不理想。贫民窟地区是人口密集的城市非正规住区，其特点是住房条件差、肮脏不堪，缺乏可靠的卫生服务、清洁水供应、可靠电力、执法及其他基本服务。贫民窟地区的居民贫困且受教育程度低。这进一步影响了婴儿喂养方式。本研究的目的是评估研究区域内有0至24个月大孩子的母亲的婴幼儿喂养方式。
2016年6月1日至30日，对423名有0至24个月大孩子的母亲进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选取受访者。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）的十五项标准评估婴幼儿喂养方式。
纯母乳喂养的比例为113人（84%）。60名（15%）母亲进行了初乳前喂养，96名（23%）母亲使用奶瓶喂养其指标儿童。适当的辅食添加喂养方式仅为20人（7%）。40名母亲中有39名及时添加了辅食，131名（47%）母亲达到了最低进餐频率，2名（7%）儿童摄入了最低食物种类和可接受饮食。辅食添加喂养方式的独立预测因素包括母亲接受过中等及以上教育、接受产后护理、拥有收音机以及在医院分娩。
在本研究中，婴幼儿喂养（IYCF）方式较差。因此，有必要在产后护理期间加强对IYCF方式的推广，并利用大众媒体强调最佳辅食添加喂养方式，特别是对于教育程度较低的母亲。
