Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka.
Biotechnology Unit, Industrial Technology Institute, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:6931497. doi: 10.1155/2017/6931497. Epub 2017 May 28.
The present works reviewed the existing information on leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka and in other countries, focusing on challenges of controlling leishmaniasis in the country, in an outbreak. Evidence from recent studies suggests that there is a possibility of a leishmaniasis outbreak in Sri Lanka in the near future. Difficulty of early diagnosis due to lack of awareness and unavailability or inadequacy of sensitive tests are two of the main challenges for effective case management. Furthermore, the absence of a proper drug for treatment and lack of knowledge about vector biology, distribution, taxonomy and bionomics, and reservoir hosts make the problem serious. The evident potential for visceralization in the cutaneous variant of . in Sri Lanka may also complicate the issue. Lack of knowledge among local communities also reduces the effectiveness of vector and reservoir host control programs. Immediate actions need to be taken in order to increase scientific knowledge about the disease and a higher effectiveness of the patient management and control programs must be achieved through increased awareness about the disease among general public and active participation of local community in control activities.
本研究综述了斯里兰卡和其他国家的利什曼病现有信息，重点关注该国在暴发期间控制利什曼病的挑战。最近的研究证据表明，斯里兰卡在不久的将来有可能暴发利什曼病。由于缺乏认识以及缺乏或敏感性测试不足，早期诊断困难是有效病例管理的两个主要挑战。此外，缺乏适当的治疗药物以及对媒介生物学、分布、分类学和生态学以及储存宿主缺乏了解，使得问题更加严重。在斯里兰卡，皮肤型的内脏利什曼病变体显然有可能进一步恶化这一问题。当地社区的知识匮乏也降低了媒介和储存宿主控制计划的效果。需要立即采取行动，以增加对疾病的科学认识，并通过提高公众对疾病的认识以及当地社区积极参与控制活动，提高对患者的管理和控制计划的有效性。
