University Clinic of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Division of Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Implantology, Medical University Graz Austria, Billrothgasse 4, 8010, Graz, Austria.
Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Mar;22(2):757-762. doi: 10.1007/s00784-017-2150-y. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
The aim of this study was to determine the proportion and severity of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in primary school children in Graz (southeast of Austria).
In 1111 children aged 6 to 12 years (mean age 9.0 ± 1.2), a wet examination of all teeth was performed by three trained examiners using a dental chair, optimal illumination, a dental mirror, and a dental explorer. All teeth with MIH lesions were registered so that different definitions of MIH were applicable. According to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria that were considered valid at the time of the investigation, MIH was diagnosed when at least one first primary molar (FPM) was affected.
MIH was present in 78 children (7.0%). In 64 children (5.8%), at least one molar and one incisor were affected (so-called M + IH). Additionally, in 9 children, only incisors were affected. In 7 affected children, teeth other than FPMs and incisors had MIH lesions. Almost an equal number of males (38) and females (40) were affected. The upper and lower molars were equally affected. The upper incisors were more frequently affected than the lower ones. Demarcated enamel opacities were the predominant types of defects.
The proportion of MIH was 7.0% in Graz, which is similar to other comparable trials.
This study has proven that MIH is an existing dental problem in Graz.
本研究旨在确定格拉茨（奥地利东南部）小学生中磨牙和切牙釉质发育不全（MIH）的比例和严重程度。
在 1111 名 6 至 12 岁（平均年龄 9.0±1.2）的儿童中，由三名经过培训的检查者在牙科椅上使用最佳照明、牙科镜和牙科探针对所有牙齿进行湿诊。记录所有患有 MIH 病变的牙齿，以便应用不同的 MIH 定义。根据当时被认为有效的欧洲儿科牙科学会标准，当至少一颗第一恒磨牙（FPM）受到影响时，即可诊断为 MIH。
78 名儿童（7.0%）存在 MIH。在 64 名儿童（5.8%）中，至少一颗磨牙和一颗切牙受到影响（所谓的 M+IH）。此外，在 9 名儿童中，只有切牙受到影响。在 7 名受影响的儿童中，除了 FPM 和切牙外，其他牙齿也有 MIH 病变。受影响的儿童中男女数量几乎相等（38 名男性和 40 名女性）。上、下磨牙受影响程度相同。上颌切牙比下颌切牙更容易受到影响。局灶性釉质混浊是主要的缺陷类型。
格拉茨的 MIH 比例为 7.0%，与其他可比试验相似。
本研究证明 MIH 是格拉茨存在的一个口腔问题。
